무르다

Korean

Etymology 1

First attested in the Neung'eomgyeong eonhae (楞嚴經諺解 / 능엄경언해), 1461, as Middle Korean 므르다〮.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [muɾɯda̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [무르다]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	mureuda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	muleuda
McCune–Reischauer?	murŭda
Yale Romanization?	muluta

Adjective

무르다 • (mureuda) (infinitive 물러, sequential 무르니)

1. (to be) soft, tender
2. (to be) weak, submissive

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the adjective 무르다 (mureuda): vowel-stem, 르(reu)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	무르다 mureuda	물러 mulleo	물러요 mulleoyo	무릅니다 mureumnida
	Past	물렀다 mulleotda	물렀어 mulleosseo	물렀어요 mulleosseoyo	물렀습니다 mulleotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	무르냐 mureunya	물러 mulleo	물러요 mulleoyo	무릅니까 mureumnikka
	Past	물렀냐 mulleonnya	물렀어 mulleosseo	물렀어요 mulleosseoyo	물렀습니까 mulleotseumnikka
Assertive		무르겠다 mureugetda	무르겠어 mureugesseo	무르겠어요 mureugesseoyo	무르겠습니다 mureugetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		물러 mulleo	물러서 mulleoseo	무르니 mureuni	무르니까 mureunikka
Contrast		무르지만 mureujiman	무른데 mureunde	무르더니 mureudeoni
Conjunction		무르고 mureugo
Condition		무르면 mureumyeon	물러야 mulleoya
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		무름 mureum	무르기 mureugi
Past-tense verbal nouns		물렀음 mulleosseum	물렀기 mulleotgi
Determiners	Present		무른 mureun
	Future		무를 mureul

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Plain (해라체)	Informal (해체)	Polite (해요체)	Formal (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	무르시다 mureusida	무르셔 mureusyeo	무르세요, 무르셔요 mureuseyo, mureusyeoyo	무르십니다 mureusimnida
	Past	무르셨다 mureusyeotda	무르셨어 mureusyeosseo	무르셨어요 mureusyeosseoyo	무르셨습니다 mureusyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	무르시냐 mureusinya	무르셔 mureusyeo	무르세요, 무르셔요 mureuseyo, mureusyeoyo	무르십니까 mureusimnikka
	Past	무르셨냐 mureusyeonnya	무르셨어 mureusyeosseo	무르셨어요 mureusyeosseoyo	무르셨습니까 mureusyeotseumnikka
Assertive		무르시겠다 mureusigetda	무르시겠어 mureusigesseo	무르시겠어요 mureusigesseoyo	무르시겠습니다 mureusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		무르셔 mureusyeo	무르셔서 mureusyeoseo	무르시니 mureusini	무르시니까 mureusinikka
Contrast		무르시지만 mureusijiman	무르신데 mureusinde	무르시더니 mureusideoni
Conjunction		무르시고 mureusigo
Condition		무르시면 mureusimyeon	무르셔야 mureusyeoya
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		무르심 mureusim	무르시기 mureusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		무르셨음 mureusyeosseum	무르셨기 mureusyeotgi
Determiners	Present		무르신 mureusin
	Future		무르실 mureusil

Synonyms

• (to be soft, tender): 연하다 (軟하다, yeonhada)

Verb

무르다 • (mureuda) (infinitive 물러, sequential 무르니)

1. to become soft or tender
2. to become well cooked

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 무르다 (mureuda): vowel-stem, 르(reu)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	무른다 mureunda	물러 mulleo	물러요 mulleoyo	무릅니다 mureumnida
	Past	물렀다 mulleotda	물렀어 mulleosseo	물렀어요 mulleosseoyo	물렀습니다 mulleotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	무르느냐 mureuneunya	물러 mulleo	물러요 mulleoyo	무릅니까 mureumnikka
	Past	물렀느냐 mulleonneunya	물렀어 mulleosseo	물렀어요 mulleosseoyo	물렀습니까 mulleotseumnikka
Hortative		무르자 mureuja	물러 mulleo	물러요 mulleoyo	무르십시다 mureusipsida
Imperative		물러라 mulleora	물러 mulleo	물러요 mulleoyo	무릅시오 mureupsio
Assertive		무르겠다 mureugetda	무르겠어 mureugesseo	무르겠어요 mureugesseoyo	무르겠습니다 mureugetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		물러 mulleo	물러서 mulleoseo	무르니 mureuni	무르니까 mureunikka
Contrast		무르지만 mureujiman	무르는데 mureuneunde	무르더니 mureudeoni
Conjunction		무르고 mureugo
Condition		무르면 mureumyeon	물러야 mulleoya
Motive		무르려고 mureuryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		무름 mureum	무르기 mureugi
Past-tense verbal nouns		물렀음 mulleosseum	물렀기 mulleotgi
Determiners	Past	무른 mureun
	Present	무르는 mureuneun
	Future	무를 mureul

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	무르신다 mureusinda	무르셔 mureusyeo	무르세요, 무르셔요 mureuseyo, mureusyeoyo	무르십니다 mureusimnida
	Past	무르셨다 mureusyeotda	무르셨어 mureusyeosseo	무르셨어요 mureusyeosseoyo	무르셨습니다 mureusyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	무르시느냐 mureusineunya	무르셔 mureusyeo	무르세요, 무르셔요 mureuseyo, mureusyeoyo	무르십니까 mureusimnikka
	Past	무르셨느냐 mureusyeonneunya	무르셨어 mureusyeosseo	무르셨어요 mureusyeosseoyo	무르셨습니까 mureusyeotseumnikka
Imperative		무르시라 mureusira	무르셔 mureusyeo	무르세요 mureuseyo	무르십시오 mureusipsio
Assertive		무르시겠다 mureusigetda	무르시겠어 mureusigesseo	무르시겠어요 mureusigesseoyo	무르시겠습니다 mureusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		무르셔 mureusyeo	무르셔서 mureusyeoseo	무르시니 mureusini	무르시니까 mureusinikka
Contrast		무르시지만 mureusijiman	무르시는데 mureusineunde	무르시더니 mureusideoni
Conjunction		무르시고 mureusigo
Condition		무르시면 mureusimyeon	무르셔야 mureusyeoya
Motive		무르시려고 mureusiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		무르심 mureusim	무르시기 mureusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		무르셨음 mureusyeosseum	무르셨기 mureusyeotgi
Determiners	Past	무르신 mureusin
	Present	무르시는 mureusineun
	Future	무르실 mureusil

See also

• 무르녹다 (mureunokda, “to ripen”)

Etymology 2

First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 므르다〮.

May be cognate with Early Modern Korean 믄허디다 (munhetita, “to topple over”).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [muɾɯda̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [무르다]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	mureuda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	muleuda
McCune–Reischauer?	murŭda
Yale Romanization?	muluta

Verb

무르다 • (mureuda) (infinitive 물러, sequential 무르니)

1. to get a refund; to counterbalance a transaction
2. to retreat

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 무르다 (mureuda): vowel-stem, 르(reu)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	무른다 mureunda	물러 mulleo	물러요 mulleoyo	무릅니다 mureumnida
	Past	물렀다 mulleotda	물렀어 mulleosseo	물렀어요 mulleosseoyo	물렀습니다 mulleotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	무르느냐 mureuneunya	물러 mulleo	물러요 mulleoyo	무릅니까 mureumnikka
	Past	물렀느냐 mulleonneunya	물렀어 mulleosseo	물렀어요 mulleosseoyo	물렀습니까 mulleotseumnikka
Hortative		무르자 mureuja	물러 mulleo	물러요 mulleoyo	무르십시다 mureusipsida
Imperative		물러라 mulleora	물러 mulleo	물러요 mulleoyo	무릅시오 mureupsio
Assertive		무르겠다 mureugetda	무르겠어 mureugesseo	무르겠어요 mureugesseoyo	무르겠습니다 mureugetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		물러 mulleo	물러서 mulleoseo	무르니 mureuni	무르니까 mureunikka
Contrast		무르지만 mureujiman	무르는데 mureuneunde	무르더니 mureudeoni
Conjunction		무르고 mureugo
Condition		무르면 mureumyeon	물러야 mulleoya
Motive		무르려고 mureuryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		무름 mureum	무르기 mureugi
Past-tense verbal nouns		물렀음 mulleosseum	물렀기 mulleotgi
Determiners	Past	무른 mureun
	Present	무르는 mureuneun
	Future	무를 mureul

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	무르신다 mureusinda	무르셔 mureusyeo	무르세요, 무르셔요 mureuseyo, mureusyeoyo	무르십니다 mureusimnida
	Past	무르셨다 mureusyeotda	무르셨어 mureusyeosseo	무르셨어요 mureusyeosseoyo	무르셨습니다 mureusyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	무르시느냐 mureusineunya	무르셔 mureusyeo	무르세요, 무르셔요 mureuseyo, mureusyeoyo	무르십니까 mureusimnikka
	Past	무르셨느냐 mureusyeonneunya	무르셨어 mureusyeosseo	무르셨어요 mureusyeosseoyo	무르셨습니까 mureusyeotseumnikka
Imperative		무르시라 mureusira	무르셔 mureusyeo	무르세요 mureuseyo	무르십시오 mureusipsio
Assertive		무르시겠다 mureusigetda	무르시겠어 mureusigesseo	무르시겠어요 mureusigesseoyo	무르시겠습니다 mureusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		무르셔 mureusyeo	무르셔서 mureusyeoseo	무르시니 mureusini	무르시니까 mureusinikka
Contrast		무르시지만 mureusijiman	무르시는데 mureusineunde	무르시더니 mureusideoni
Conjunction		무르시고 mureusigo
Condition		무르시면 mureusimyeon	무르셔야 mureusyeoya
Motive		무르시려고 mureusiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		무르심 mureusim	무르시기 mureusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		무르셨음 mureusyeosseum	무르셨기 mureusyeotgi
Determiners	Past	무르신 mureusin
	Present	무르시는 mureusineun
	Future	무르실 mureusil