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가위

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Korean

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Etymology 1

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Equivalent to Middle Korean ᄀᆞᇫ다〮 (Yale: kòz-tá, “to cut”) + 개 (Yale: -kay, inanimate agentive suffix), but the source verb is obsolete and the word is no longer perceivable as a compound by any speakers.

First attested in the Jīlín lèishì (鷄林類事 / 계림유사), 1103, as Late Old Korean 割子蓋 (Yale: *kòsókáy). This form is preserved in the conservative Gyeongsang dialect form 가시개 (gasigae, “scissors”).

In the hangul script, first attested in the Bullyu dugongbu si eonhae (分類杜工部詩諺解 / 분류두공부시언해), 1481, as Middle Korean ᄀᆞᇫ애〮 (Yale: kòzGáy).

Lee (1958) asserts Manchu ᡥᠠᠰᠠᡥᠠ (hasaha, “scissors”) appears to be an old borrowing from Korean.[1]

Pronunciation

[edit]
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?gawi
Revised Romanization (translit.)?gawi
McCune–Reischauer?kawi
Yale Romanization?kawi
  • South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: 가위의 / 가위에 / 가위까지

    Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes high pitch only on the first syllable, and lowers the pitch of subsequent suffixes.

This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

Noun

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 가위 on Korean Wikipedia

가위 • (gawi)

  1. scissors
    가위로 자르다/오리다 ― gawi-ro jareuda/orida ― to cut with scissors
Synonyms
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Historical and regional synonyms of 가위 (gawi, “scissors”)
view map; edit data
GroupRegionLocationWords
Standardised formsSouth Korean Standard Language가위 (gawi)
North Korean Cultured Language가위 (gawi)
Historical formsOld Korean (Jilin leishi)割子蓋 (*kòsòkáy [?])
Middle Koreanᄀᆞᇫ애〮 (kòzGáy)
Early Modern Seoul Korean가ᄋᆡ (gaae), ᄀᆞ애 (gaae), 가의 (gaui), 가외 (gaoe)
Central KoreanGyeonggiModern colloquial Seoul가위 (gawi)
Yeoncheon가위 (gawi), 가새 (gasae)
Paju가위 (gawi), 가우 (gau), 가새 (gasae)
Pocheon가위 (gawi), 가새 (gasae)
Ganghwa가위 (gawi)
Gimpo가위 (gawi)
Goyang가위 (gawi)
Yangju가우 (gau), 가새 (gasae)
Namyangju가새 (gasae)
Gapyeong가새 (gasae)
Siheung가웨 (gawe)
Yangpyeong가새 (gasae)
Hwaseong가위 (gawi), 가새 (gasae)
Yongin가새 (gasae)
Icheon가위 (gawi), 가우 (gau), 가새 (gasae)
Yeoju가우 (gau), 가새 (gasae)
Pyeongtaek가위 (gawi), 가새 (gasae)
Anseong가새 (gasae)
YeongseoChuncheon가새 (gasae)
Wonju가새 (gasae)
Cheorwon가새 (gasae)
Hwacheon가위 (gawi), 가우 (gau)
Yanggu가새 (gasae)
Inje가이 (gai), 가새 (gasae)
Hongcheon가우 (gau), 가새 (gasae)
Hoengseong가새 (gasae)
YeongdongGangneung가새 (gásàe), 가웨 (gáwè)
Wonsan가새 (gasae)
Kumya가새 (gasae)
Kosong가새 (gasae)
Yangyang가위 (gawi), 가새 (gasae)
Samcheok깍개 (kkákgè), 가시개 (gàsígè)
Pyeongchang가새 (gasae)
Yeongwol까새 (kkásàe)
Jeongseon가위 (gawi), 까새 (kkasae), 깍개 (kkakgae)
North ChungcheongCheongju가위 (gawi), 가새 (gasae)
Jincheon가위 (gawi)
Eumseong가위 (gawi), 가우 (gau)
Chungju가위 (gawi), 가새 (gasae)
Jecheon가새 (gasae)
Danyang가위 (gawi), 가웨 (gawe), 가새 (gasae)
Goesan가위 (gawi), 가새 (gasae)
Boeun가위 (gawi), 가외 (gaoe), 가새 (gasae)
Okcheon가위 (gawi), 가새 (gasae)
Yeongdong가위 (gawi), 가새 (gasae)
South ChungcheongDaejeon가위 (gawi), 가새 (gasae)
Seosan가위 (gawi), 가새 (gasae), 가세 (gase)
Dangjin가위 (gawi), 가새 (gasae)
Asan가새 (gasae)
Cheonan가위 (gawi), 가새 (gasae)
Yesan가위 (gawi), 가새 (gasae)
Hongseong가새 (gasae)
Cheongyang가새 (gasae)
Gongju가새 (gasae), 가우이 (gau'i), 가세 (gase)
Yeongi가새 (gasae)
Boryeong가위 (gawi), 가새 (gasae)
Buyeo가새 (gasae)
Seocheon가위 (gawi), 가새 (gasae)
Nonsan가이 (gai), 가새 (gasae), 가세 (gase)
Geumsan가새 (gasae)
South HwanghaeHaeju가위 (gawi)
Ongjin가새 (gasae)
Yonan가위 (gawi), 가우 (gau)
Kangryong가위 (gawi)
Taetan가위 (gawi)
Ryongyon가새 (gasae), 가왜 (gawae)
Chaeryong가위 (gawi), 가웨 (gawe)
Sinchon가왜 (gawae)
Songhwa가왜 (gawae)
Anak가위 (gawi), 가왜 (gawae), 강애 (gang'ae)
Unnyul가위 (gawi), 가왜 (gawae)
North HwanghaeSariwon가세 (gase), 가이 (gai)
Hwangju가위 (gawi), 가웨 (gawe), 가세 (gase), 가이 (gai), 가예 (gaye)
Songrim가이 (gai)
Unpa가세 (gase)
Yontan가이 (gai), 가애 (gaae)
Sohung가위 (gawi), 가웨 (gawe), 가이 (gai)
Pyongsan가세 (gase), 가애 (gaae)
Kumchon가위 (gawi)
Singye가새 (gasae), 가세 (gase)
Suan가위 (gawi), 가웨 (gawe), 가우 (gau)
Koksan가우 (gau), 가새 (gasae)
Gyeongsang KoreanNorth GyeongsangDaegu가'시개 (ga sigae)
Yeongju가'시개 (ga sigae), '가웨 ( gawe)
Bonghwa가'시개 (ga sigae), '가위 ( gawi), '가웨 ( gawe)
Uljin가'시개 (ga sigae), '가새 ( gasae), '가이 ( gai)
Mungyeong가'시개 (ga sigae)
Yecheon'가새 ( gasae)
Andong가'시개 (ga sigae), '가새 ( gasae)
Yeongyang가'시개 (ga sigae), '가새 ( gasae)
Sangju'가새 ( gasae), '까새 ( kkasae)
Uiseong가'시개 (ga sigae), 까'시개 (kka sigae), '가위 ( gawi)
Cheongsong가'시개 (ga sigae), 까'시개 (kka sigae), '가위 ( gawi)
Yeongdeok가'시개 (ga sigae), '가위 ( gawi)
Gimcheon가'시개 (ga sigae), '가이 ( gai)
Gumi가'시개 (ga sigae)
Gunwi가웨 (gawe), '가새 ( gasae)
Pohang가'시개 (ga sigae), '가웨 ( gawe)
Seongju가'시개 (ga sigae)
Chilgok가'시개 (ga sigae)
Gyeongsan가'시개 (ga sigae)
Yeongcheon가'시개 (ga sigae), '까위 ( kkawi), '가이 ( gai)
Goryeong가'시개 (ga sigae)
Cheongdo가'시개 (ga sigae)
Gyeongju가'시개 (ga sigae), '가위 ( gawi)
South GyeongsangBusan가'시개 (ga sigae), '가새 ( gasae)
Ulsan가'시개 (ga sigae), '가새 ( gasae)
Changwon가'시개 (ga sigae), '가새 ( gasae), 까'시개 (kka sigae)
Geochang가'시개 (ga sigae), '가새 ( gasae), '가이 ( gai)
Hapcheon가'시개 (ga sigae), '가새 ( gasae)
Changnyeong가'시개 (ga sigae), '가새 ( gasae)
Miryang가'시개 (ga sigae)
Hamyang가'시개 (ga sigae), '가이 ( gai)
Sancheong가'시개 (ga sigae), '가새 ( gasae)
Uiryeong가'시개 (ga sigae), '가새 ( gasae)
Hadong가'시개 (ga sigae), '가새 ( gasae)
Jinju가'시개 (ga sigae), '가새 ( gasae)
Haman가'시개 (ga sigae), '가새 ( gasae)
Gimhae'가새 ( gasae), 가'스개 (ga seugae), 가'시깨 (ga sikkae)
Yangsan가'시개 (ga sigae), 가'시깨 (ga sikkae), '가새 ( gasae)
Sacheon가'시개 (ga sigae), '가새 ( gasae)
Goseong가'시개 (ga sigae), '가새 ( gasae)
Namhae가'시개 (ga sigae), '가이 ( gai), 까'시개 (kka sigae)
Tongyeong'가새 ( gasae)
Geoje가'시개 (ga sigae), '가새 ( gasae)
DiasporaFushun가'시개 (ga sigae)
Harbin가'시개 (ga sigae), '가새 ( gasae)
Jeolla KoreanNorth JeollaGunsan가새 (gasae)
Iksan가새 (gasae)
Wanju가새 (gasae), 가위 (gawi), 가우 (gau)
Jinan가새 (gasae)
Muju가새 (gasae), 가우 (gau)
Gimje가새 (gasae), 가우 (gau)
Buan가새 (gasae), 가우 (gau)
Jeongeup가새 (gasae), 가세 (gase), 가위 (gawi), 가우 (gau)
Imsil가새 (gasae), 가위 (gawi), 가우 (gau), 가이 (gai)
Jangsu가새 (gasae)
Gochang가새 (gase), 가위 (gawi), 가우 (gau)
Sunchang가새 (gasae)
Namwon가새 (gasae), 까새 (kkasae), 가우 (gau)
South JeollaGwangju가새 (gase)
Yeonggwang가새 (gase)
Jangseong가새 (gase)
Damyang가새 (gase)
Gokseong가새 (gase), 가시개 (gasige)
Gurye가새 (gasae)
Hampyeong가새 (gase)
Sinan가새 (gase)
Naju가새 (gase)
Hwasun가새 (gase)
Suncheon가시개 (gasige)
Gwangyang가시개 (gasigae)
Yeongam가새 (gase)
Jindo가새 (gase)
Haenam가새 (gase)
Gangjin가새 (gase)
Jangheung가새 (gase)
Boseong가새 (gasae), 가시개 (gasigae)
Goheung가시개 (gasigae)
Yeosu가시개 (gasige), 가지개 (gajige)
Pyongan KoreanSouth PyonganPyongyang가우 (gau)
Unsan강애 (gang'ae)
Anju강애 (gang'ae)
Maengsan강애 (gang'ae)
North PyonganSinuiju강애 (gang'ae)
Chongju강애 (gang'ae)
Sonchon강애 (gang'ae)
Cholsan강애 (gang'ae)
Ryongchon강애 (gang'ae)
Kusong가애 (gaae)
Unsan강애 (gang'ae)
Sakju가애 (gaae)
Changsong가애 (gaae)
Huichon강새 (gangsae)
Chosan가애 (gaae)
Tongsin가웨 (gawe)
Chonchon강애 (gang'ae)
Ryongrim가웨 (gawe)
Kanggye가애 (gaae)
Chunggang가애 (gaae)
DiasporaShenyang강애 (gang'ae)
Fushun강애 (gang'ae)
Yingkou강애 (gang'ae)
Hamgyong KoreanSouth HamgyongHamhung가'새 (ga sae)
Yodok가'새 (ga sae)
Pukchong가'새 (ga sae)
Tanchon가'새 (ga sae)
Changjin가'새 (ga sae)
Pujon가'새 (ga sae)
Rangrim가'새 (ga sae)
North HamgyongChongjin가'새 (ga sae)
Kimchaek가'새 (ga sae)
Myongchon가'새 (ga sae)
Samjiyon가'새 (ga sae)
Kapsan가'새 (ga sae)
Samsu가'새 (ga sae)
Yukjin KoreanYukjinKyonghung가새 (gàsáe)
Onsong가새 (gàsáe)
DiasporaHunchun가새 (gàsáe)
JejuJeju Cityᄀᆞ새 (gawsae)
Daejeongᄀᆞ새 (gawsae)
Seogwipoᄀᆞ새 (gawsae)
This table is an amalgamation of surveys of speakers mostly born before 1950 and may not reflect the language of younger speakers, which has lexically converged towards the standard Seoul dialect in both North and South Koreas.
Derived terms
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Derived terms

Etymology 2

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First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean ᄀᆞ오〮 (Yale: kòwó).

Pronunciation

[edit]
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?gawi
Revised Romanization (translit.)?gawi
McCune–Reischauer?kawi
Yale Romanization?kawi

Noun

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가위 • (gawi)

  1. nightmare experienced during sleep paralysis (traditionally linked to paranormal phenomena)
    Hypernym: 꿈 (kkum)
    가위에 눌리다 ― gawi-e nullida ― to have a nightmare
Derived terms
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Derived terms

Etymology 3

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First attested in the Yeogeo yuhae (譯語類解 / 역어유해), 1690, as Early Modern Korean 가외 (Yale: kawoy).

Beyond Hangul sources, recorded as 嘉俳 (*kapoy) in the Samguk Yusa, 1280s, possibly derived from the unattested verbal root *kapo- ("to be in the middle", see 갑다 (-gapda, suffix to make adjective) and Hamgyeong dialect 갑다 (gapda, “to be full, to fill, to brim (with), to become filled”)) and the nominal suffix *-i, and thus cognate to 가운데 (gaunde). The 嘉俳 form is also found in Dongdong, a highly archaic fifteenth-century Middle Korean song.

Pronunciation

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Romanizations
Revised Romanization?gawi
Revised Romanization (translit.)?gawi
McCune–Reischauer?kawi
Yale Romanization?kawi

Noun

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가위 • (gawi)

  1. Synonym of 추석(秋夕) (chuseok, “Mid-Autumn Festival”)
Derived terms
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Derived terms

Etymology 4

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Sino-Korean word from 可謂 (“as can be said”).

Pronunciation

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  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈka̠(ː)ɥi] ~ [ˈka̠(ː)y]
  • Phonetic hangul: [가(ː)위]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?gawi
Revised Romanization (translit.)?gawi
McCune–Reischauer?kawi
Yale Romanization?kāwi

Adverb

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가위 • (gawi) (hanja 可謂)

  1. (literary) truly; indeed

References

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  1. ^ Lee Ki-Moon (1958) “A Comparative Study of Manchu and Korean”, in Ural-Altaische Jahrbücher‎[1], volume 30, page 104
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