音第叱

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Old Korean

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Etymology

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Because it is followed by what appears to be the genitive marker (*-s), is probably a bound noun. Thus may have been the original ordinal-deriving suffix, with added at some later point. See a possible Modern Korean reflex of *-m in 이듬 (ideum, “second plowing of the fields”), 이듬해 (ideumhae, “next year”).

Suffix

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音第叱 (*-m CAHI-s)

  1. -th (ordinal number-deriving construction)
    • c. 1170, Interpretive gugyeol glosses to the Avatamsaka Sutra, vol. 35:
      多聞藏
      TASOm CAHI-s TA.MWUN.CYANG
      the fifth vessel of the tathāgata
      (N.B. Gugyeol glyphs are given in non-abbreviated forms.)

Reconstruction notes

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and are well-accepted Old Korean phonograms for coda consonants *-m and *-s respectively. The Old Korean orthography gives no clues as to how is supposed to be read, as it is being used solely as a logogram for its semantic value here (see Chinese ()), but it is conventionally reconstructed as *CAHI, because it appears to be a bound noun and Middle Korean features the ordinal-deriving bound noun 자히 (Yale: cahi), which became Modern Korean (-jjae) with the same function. Note that there is no actual evidence for this reconstruction of convenience.

In Middle Korean, *-m and *-s have both disappeared. 자히 (Yale: cahi) combines to the number via an intervening genitive particle (Yale: -s), and is directly followed by the noun.