貧下中農

Chinese

		poor	under; next; lower under; next; lower; below; underneath; down(wards); to go down; latter	middle; centre; within middle; centre; within; among; in; while (doing sth); during; China; Chinese; hit (the mark)	agriculture
trad. (貧下中農)		貧	下	中	農
simp. (贫下中农)		贫	下	中	农

Etymology

貧農／贫农 (pínnóng) + 下中農／下中农 (xiàzhōngnóng)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): pínxiàzhōngnóng

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄧㄣˊ ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄓㄨㄥ ㄋㄨㄥˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): pan⁴ haa⁶ zung¹ nung⁴

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: pínxiàzhōngnóng
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄧㄣˊ ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄓㄨㄥ ㄋㄨㄥˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: pínsiàjhongnóng
    • Wade–Giles: pʻin²-hsia⁴-chung¹-nung²
    • Yale: pín-syà-jūng-núng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pynshiahjongnong
    • Palladius: пиньсячжуннун (pinʹsjačžunnun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰin³⁵ ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ nʊŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: pan⁴ haa⁶ zung¹ nung⁴
    • Yale: pàhn hah jūng nùhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: pan⁴ haa⁶ dzung¹ nung⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: pen⁴ ha⁶ zung¹ nung⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɐn²¹ haː²² t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ nʊŋ²¹/

Noun

貧下中農

1. the poor and lower-middle peasants

   • 我們高等學校的學生，據北京市的調查，大多數是地主、富農、資產階級以及富裕中農的子弟，工人階級、貧下中農出身的還不到百分之二十。 [MSC, trad.]
     我们高等学校的学生，据北京市的调查，大多数是地主、富农、资产阶级以及富裕中农的子弟，工人阶级、贫下中农出身的还不到百分之二十。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 1957, 毛澤東 (Mao Zedong), 《在省市自治區黨委書記會議上的講話》 (Talks at a Conference of Secretaries of Provincial, Municipal and Autonomous Region Party Committees), 《毛澤東選集·第五卷》 (Selected Works of Mao Zedong: Volume V) (1977). English translation based on the Foreign Languages Press edition

     Wǒmen gāoděng xuéxiào de xuéshēng, jù Běijīngshì de diàochá, dàduōshù shì dìzhǔ, fùnóng, zīchǎn jiējí yǐjí fùyù zhōngnóng de zǐdì, gōngrén jiējí, pínxiàzhōngnóng chūshēn de hái bùdào bǎifēnzhī èrshí. [Pinyin]

     According to a survey made in Peking, most college students are children of landlords, rich peasants, the bourgeoisie and well-to-do middle peasants, while students from working-class and poor and lower-middle peasant families account for less than 20 per cent