西戎

Chinese

		west	weapon
simp. and trad. (西戎)		西	戎

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): Xīróng

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧ ㄖㄨㄥˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): sai¹ jung⁴

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: Xīróng
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧ ㄖㄨㄥˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: Siróng
    • Wade–Giles: Hsi¹-jung²
    • Yale: Syī-rúng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Shirong
    • Palladius: Сижун (Sižun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi⁵⁵ ʐʊŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: sai¹ jung⁴
    • Yale: sāi yùhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sai¹ jung⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: sei¹ yung⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐi̯⁵⁵ jʊŋ²¹/

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• Middle Chinese: sej nyuwng

Rime
Character	西	戎
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	齊 (39)	東 (2)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	III
Fanqie	先稽切	如融切
Baxter	sej	nyuwng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/sei/	/ȵɨuŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/sei/	/ȵiuŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/sɛi/	/ȵʑiuŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sɛj/	/ȵuwŋ/
Li Rong	/sei/	/ȵiuŋ/
Wang Li	/siei/	/ȵʑĭuŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/siei/	/ȵʑi̯uŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xī	róng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sai1	jung4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*s-nˤər  nuŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*sɯːl  njuŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	西	戎
Reading #	1/1	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xī	róng
Middle Chinese	‹ sej ›	‹ nyuwng ›
Old Chinese	/*s-nˁər/	/*nuŋ/
English	west	foreigners in the west
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	西	戎
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	13236	10849
Phonetic component	西	戎
Rime group	微	終
Rime subdivision	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	西	戎
Old Chinese	/*sɯːl/	/*njuŋ/

Proper noun

西戎

1. (historical) “Western Barbarians” (non-Chinese ethnic groups living to China's west)

See also

• 南蠻／南蛮 (Nánmán, “southern barbarians”)
• 北狄 (Běidí, “northern barbarians”)
• 東夷／东夷 (Dōngyí, “eastern barbarians”)