虼蚻

Chinese

		prefix	cockroach
simp. and trad. (虼蚻)		虼	蚻
alternative forms		虼蠽虼蠘虼蚱虼𧑎家𧑎虼蠽虼蠘虼蚱虼𧑎家𧑎家𧉒加絕／加绝膠絕／胶绝膠賊／胶贼咬𧏫 Eastern Min 家蠟／家蜡 Eastern Min

Etymology

This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “Prefix *k- + 蚻 (Sagart, 1999); where is 蚻 from? Compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *[k]ti[ ]p / *[k]tiəp / *[k]t[ə]p / *ktup / *kciip?; Proto-Tai *sa:pD”

Pronunciation

Eastern Min (BUC): gâ-săk / gáh-săk
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gorh⁷ suah⁷ / guoh⁷ suah⁷
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): ka-choa̍h / kǎ-choa̍h / ka-chōa / kǎ-chǒa

(Teochew, Peng'im): ga¹ zuah⁸

(Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): ga¹ zua⁶

Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: gâ-săk / gáh-săk
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ka²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ^(s-)laʔ⁵/, /kaʔ²⁴⁻⁵⁵ ^(s-)laʔ⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: gorh⁷ suah⁷ [Phonetic: gorh⁶ suah⁷]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɒʔ⁴⁻¹ ɬuaʔ⁴/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: guoh⁷ suah⁷ [Phonetic: guoh⁶ suah⁷]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuoʔ²⁴⁻² ɬuaʔ²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Tong'an, Yongchun, Kaohsiung, Taipei, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan, Hsinchu, Lukang, Kinmen, Magong, Singapore)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ka-choa̍h
  - Tâi-lô: ka-tsua̍h
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kazoah
  - IPA (Singapore): /ka⁴⁴⁻²² t͡suaʔ⁴³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung, Taipei, Tainan): /ka⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡suaʔ⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Yongchun): /ka⁴⁴⁻²² t͡suaʔ⁴/
  - IPA (Yilan): /ka⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡suaʔ⁵/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ka⁴⁴⁻²² t͡suaʔ¹²¹/
  - IPA (Lukang): /ka³³ t͡suaʔ³⁵/
  - IPA (Kinmen): /ka⁴⁴⁻²² t͡suaʔ⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Tong'an): /ka⁴⁴⁻²² t͡suaʔ⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kǎ-choa̍h
  - Tâi-lô: kǎ-tsua̍h
  - IPA (Jinjiang, Philippines): /ka³³⁻²² t͡suaʔ²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ka²² t͡suaʔ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Sanxia, Taichung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ka-chōa
  - Tâi-lô: ka-tsuā
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kazoa
- (Hokkien: Longyan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kǎ-chǒa
  - Tâi-lô: kǎ-tsuǎ
  - IPA (Longyan): /ka⁵³⁻¹¹ t͡sua⁵³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ga¹ zuah⁸
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ka tsua̍h
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ka³³⁻²³ t͡suaʔ⁴/
- (Leizhou)
  - Leizhou Pinyin: ga¹ zua⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /ka³⁵⁻³³ t͡sua³³/

Noun

虼蚻

(Coastal Min) cockroach

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 蟑螂 (“cockroach”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		蜚蠊, 䗅蜋, 香娘子
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		蟑螂, 蜚蠊
Taxonomic name		蜚蠊
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	老蟑兒, 油炸豆兒
	Taiwan	蟑螂, 小強
	Ulanhot	老蟑
	Tongliao	蟑螂
	Chifeng	蟑螂
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	蟑螂
	Harbin	蟑螂, 老蟑
	Shenyang	老蟑
	Malaysia	蟑螂
	Singapore	蟑螂
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	蟑螂
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	蟑火螂
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	蟑螂
Central Plains Mandarin	Xuzhou	蟑螂
Lanyin Mandarin	Bayanhot	蟑螂
	Lanzhou	蟑螂
	Ürümqi	蟑螂, 油蟲
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	偷油婆, 蟑螂
	Chongqing	偷油婆
	Wuhan	灶馬子
	Guiyang	偷油婆
	Kunming	偷油婆
	Liuzhou	偷油婆, 臊甲
	Nanning (Wuming)	騷夾
	Kokang	灶麻雞
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	蟑螂
	Yangzhou	蟑木蟲子
	Nantong	蟑木蟲兒
Cantonese	Guangzhou	曱甴
	Hong Kong	曱甴, 小強
	Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)	曱甴
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	曱甴
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	曱甴
	Macau	曱甴
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	曱甴
	Taishan	曱甴
	Dongguan	曱甴
	Shaoguan	曱甴
	Yangjiang	曱甴
	Xinyi	曱甴
	Maoming (Xinpo)	曱甴
	Nanning	曱甴
	Nanning (Tanka)	曱甴
	Baise	曱甴
	Beihai	曱甴
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	曱甴
	Penang (Guangfu)	曱甴
	Ipoh (Guangfu)	曱甴
	Singapore (Guangfu)	曱甴
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	曱甴
	Yangon (Taishan)	曱甴
	Mandalay (Taishan)	曱甴
Gan	Nanchang	煠撥子, 赤膊子
	Pengze	鍋灶髦
	Lichuan	蚻
	Pingxiang	油賊婆
	Guixi	煠撥子
Hakka	Meixian	黃蚻
	Xingning	黃蚻
	Huiyang	黃蚻
	Huidong (Daling)	黃蚻
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	黃蚻
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	蜞蚻
	Wengyuan	黃蚻
	Nanxiong (Zhuji)	黃蚻
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	黃蚻
	Liannan	黃蚻
	Jiexi	蜞蚻
	Luhe	蜞蚻
	Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)	黃蚻
	Changting	黃蚻
	Wuping	黃蚻
	Wuping (Yanqian)	黃蚻
	Wuping (Pingyu)	黃蚻
	Liancheng	黃蚻
	Ninghua	黃蚻
	Yudu	黃蚻
	Ningdu	黃蚻
	Ruijin	黃蚻
	Shicheng	黃蚻
	Shangyou (Shexi)	黃蚻
	Tonggu (Sandu)	虼蚻
	Ganzhou (Panlong)	黃蚻
	Dayu	黃蚻
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	黃蚻
	Miaoli (Gongguan; N. Sixian)	黃蚻
	Miaoli (Zhuolan; N. Sixian)	黃蚻
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	黃蚻
	Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian)	黃蚻
	Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian)	黃蚻
	Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian)	黃蚻
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	蜞蚻, 蜞蚻仔
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	黃蚻
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	蜞蚻
	Miaoli (Zhuolan; Raoping)	黃蚻
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	黃蚻
	Hong Kong	黃蚻
	Mengshan (Xihe)	黃蚻
	Luchuan	黃蚻
	Sabah (Longchuan)	黃蚻
	Senai (Huiyang)	蜞蚻
	Kuching (Hepo)	蜞蚻
	Singkawang	蜞蚻
Huizhou	Jixi	油蟲
	Shexian	蟑油蟲
	Fuliang	油蟲
Jin	Taiyuan	蟑螂
	Taibus (Baochang)	蟑螂
	Linhe	蟑螂
	Jining	蟑老財
	Hohhot	蟑螂
	Baotou	蟑老財
	Dongsheng	蟑螂
	Haibowan	蟑螂
Jiuxing Yumin	Lanxi	蟑毛蟲
Northern Min	Jian'ou	蚻
	Jian'ou (Dikou)	蚻
	Songxi	蚻
	Zhenghe	蚻
	Zhenghe (Zhenqian)	蚻
	Jianyang	蚻
	Wuyishan	蚻
	Pucheng (Shibei)	蚻
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	虼蚻
	Fuzhou (Changle)	蚻母
	Fuqing	虼蚻
	Yongtai	虼蚻
	Gutian	蚻母
	Fu'an	蚻
	Ningde	蚻母
	Shouning	蚻
	Zhouning	蚻
	Fuding	蚻, 虼蚻
	Matsu	灶蚻
Southern Min	Xiamen	虼蚻
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	虼蚻
	Quanzhou	虼蚻
	Jinjiang	虼蚻
	Nan'an	虼蚻
	Anxi	虼蚻
	Yongchun	虼蚻
	Dehua	虼蚻
	Zhangzhou	虼蚻
	Zhangzhou (Longhai)	虼蚻
	Zhangzhou (Changtai)	虼蚻
	Hua'an	虼蚻
	Zhangpu	虼蚻
	Yunxiao	虼蚻
	Dongshan	虼蚻
	Taipei	虼蚻
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	虼蚻
	Kaohsiung	虼蚻
	Yilan	虼蚻
	Changhua (Lukang)	虼蚻
	Taichung	虼蚻
	Taichung (Wuqi)	虼蚻
	Tainan	虼蚻
	Taitung	虼蚻
	Hsinchu	虼蚻
	Kinmen	虼蚻
	Penghu (Magong)	虼蚻
	Penang (Hokkien)	虼蚻
	Singapore (Hokkien)	虼蚻
	Manila (Hokkien)	虼蚻
	Longyan	虼蚻
	Zhangping (Yongfu)	虼蚻仔
	Datian	油蚻
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	虼蚻
	Chaozhou	虼蚻
	Shantou	虼蚻
	Shantou (Chenghai)	虼蚻
	Jieyang	虼蚻
	Haifeng	虼蚻
	Bangkok (Teochew)	虼蚻
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	虼蚻
	Singapore (Teochew)	虼蚻
	Leizhou	虼蚻
	Wenchang	虼蚻
	Haikou	虼蚻
	Singapore (Hainanese)	虼蚻
Puxian Min	Putian	虼蚻
	Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang)	虼蚻, 灶雞
	Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang)	虼蚻
	Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu)	虼蚻
	Xianyou	虼蚻
	Xianyou (Fengting)	虼蚻
	Xianyou (Youyang)	虼蚻
Central Min	Yong'an	蚻
	Sanming (Sanyuan)	蚻
	Sanming (Shaxian)	蚻
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Sanxiang)	虼蚻
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	臊甲
Waxiang	Yuanling (Shaojiwan)	油蟲
Wu	Shanghai	蟑螂, 小強
	Shanghai (Songjiang)	灶雞, 蟑螂
	Shanghai (Jiading)	蟑螂
	Shanghai (Chongming)	灶鴨
	Suzhou	蟑螂
	Wuxi	蟑螂
	Danyang	蟑螂
	Hangzhou	蟑螂
	Ningbo	蟑螂
	Wenzhou	膠蚻
Xiang	Changsha	偷油婆
	Xiangtan	偷油婆
	Loudi	油鹽蟲
	Hengyang	油炸婆
	Quanzhou	臊甲子
Xiangnan Tuhua	Dong'an	油蟲, 偷油婆, 騷家婆
Yuebei Tuhua	Shaoguan (Dacun, Baitu, Qujiang)	枯蚻
	Shaoguan (Xiangyang, Xihe, Wujiang)	枯蚻
	Shaoguan (Shibei, Xinshao, Zhenjiang)	枯蚻
	Renhua (Zhoutian)	枯蚻
	Renhua (Shitang)	枯蚻
	Ruyuan (Songwei, Guitou)	枯蚻
	Lechang (Changlai)	枯蚻
	Lechang (Beixiang)	曱甴
	Lechang (Huangpu)	客子婆
	Lechang (Guitang, Pingshi)	瞎擦
	Lechang (Sanxi)	臊雞婆

Derived terms

Descendants

→ Indonesian: kecoak, kacoa
→ Kapampangan: kasua
→ Thai: กะจั๊ว (gà-júua) (via Teochew)

References

“虼蚻”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.
莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “虼𧑎”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 228.