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焉耆

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Chinese

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phonetic
trad. (焉耆)
simp. #(焉耆)
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Etymology

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Possibly from Proto-Tocharian *Ārke-, name of the historical capital city of the Agneans, which gave rise to the endonym in Tocharian A Ārśi (Adams, 2013; see also Ji, 1998v4). First attested in the Book of Han. In Sanskrit sources, the city's name is conflated with अग्नि (agni, fire), which was likely unrelated.

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character
Reading # 2/3 1/1
Initial () (34) (30)
Final () (79) (15)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () III III
Fanqie
Baxter 'jen gjij
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ʔˠiᴇn/ /ɡiɪ/
Pan
Wuyun
/ʔᵚiɛn/ /ɡi/
Shao
Rongfen
/ʔiæn/ /ɡjɪ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ʔian/ /gi/
Li
Rong
/ʔjɛn/ /ɡi/
Wang
Li
/ĭɛn/ /ɡi/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/ʔi̯ɛn/ /gi/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
yān
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
jin1 kei4
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
yān yān
Middle
Chinese
‹ ʔjen › ‹ hjen › ‹ gij ›
Old
Chinese
/*ʔa[n]/ /*[ʔ]a[n]/ (atonic) /*[ɡ]rij/
English how (3p locative pronoun) old

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/3 1/1
No. 14227 17332
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1 2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*qran/ /*ɡri/

Proper noun

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焉耆

  1. (historical) Karasahr
  2. (~回族自治縣, ) Yanqi Hui Autonomous County (a county of Xinjiang, China)