洋燭

Chinese

		ocean; foreign	candle
trad. (洋燭)		洋	燭
simp. (洋烛)		洋	烛

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yángzhú

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄤˊ ㄓㄨˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): joeng⁴ zuk¹
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ieo² zorh⁶ / iuⁿ² zorh⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yángzhú
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄤˊ ㄓㄨˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yángjhú
  - Wade–Giles: yang²-chu²
  - Yale: yáng-jú
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yangjwu
  - Palladius: янчжу (jančžu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: joeng⁴ zuk¹
  - Yale: yèuhng jūk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: joeng⁴ dzuk⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: yêng⁴ zug¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jœːŋ²¹ t͡sʊk̚⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: ieo² zorh⁶ [Phonetic: ieo⁴ lorh⁶]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ieu¹³⁻⁴² ^(t͡s-)lɒʔ¹/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: iuⁿ² zorh⁶ [Phonetic: iuⁿ⁴ norh⁶]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ĩũ¹³⁻⁴² ^(t͡s-)nɒʔ²/

Noun

洋燭

(regional or dated) candle (usually made of paraffin)

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 蠟燭 (“candle”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		蠟燭, 蠟炬
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	蠟, 洋蠟
	Taiwan	蠟燭
	Harbin	洋蠟
	Singapore	蠟燭
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	洋蠟 dated
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	蠟燭, 蠟, 洋蠟
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	蠟
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	蠟燭, 洋蠟
	Wanrong	蠟, 洋燭
	Wanrong (Ronghe)	蠟, 洋蠟
	Xi'an	蠟, 洋蠟
	Xuzhou	蠟燭
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	蠟燈, 蠟
	Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan)	蠟燈
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	蠟, 洋蠟
	Lanzhou	蠟, 洋蠟
	Ürümqi	洋蠟, 蠟
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	蠟燭, 蠟
	Wuhan	蠟燭, 洋蠟, 洋蠟燭
	Guiyang	蠟燭, 洋蠟燭, 燭
	Kunming	洋燭, 洋蠟
	Guilin	蠟燭
	Liuzhou	蠟燭, 洋蠟
	Kokang	洋蠟
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	蠟燭, 洋蠟燭
	Yangzhou	蠟燭
	Hefei	蠟燭
Cantonese	Guangzhou	蠟燭, 洋燭
	Hong Kong	蠟燭, 洋燭
	Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)	蠟燭
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)	蠟燭
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	蠟燭
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	蠟燭
	Macau	蠟燭
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	洋燭
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	洋燭
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	蠟燭, 洋燭
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	蠟燭
	Foshan	蠟燭
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	油燭
	Foshan (Shunde)	蠟燭
	Foshan (Sanshui)	蠟燭
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	蠟燭
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	洋燭
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	蠟燭
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	蠟燭
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	蠟燭
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	蠟燭
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	蠟燭
	Taishan	蠟燭
	Kaiping (Chikan)	蠟燭
	Enping (Niujiang)	蠟燭
	Heshan (Yayao)	洋燭
	Dongguan	蠟燭
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	蠟燭
	Yangjiang	蠟燭
	Nanning	蠟燭
	Wuzhou	蠟燭
	Yulin	蠟燭
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	蠟燭
	Beihai	蠟燭
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	蠟燭
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	蠟燭
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	蠟燭
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	蠟燭
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	蠟燭
	Móng Cái	蠟燭
Gan	Nanchang	蠟燭, 洋蠟, 洋蠟燭
	Lichuan	蠟燭, 燭
	Pingxiang	洋蠟燭, 礦燭
Hakka	Meixian	蠟燭, 洋蠟燭
	Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)	蠟燭
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	蠟燭
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	蠟燭
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	洋燭
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	火燭
	Yudu	洋燭, 洋蠟燭
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	蠟燭
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	蠟燭
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	蠟燭
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	蠟燭
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	蠟燭
	Hong Kong	蠟燭
	Luchuan (Daqiao)	蠟燭
	Senai (Huiyang)	蠟燭
Huizhou	Jixi	蠟燭, 洋蠟燭
Jin	Taiyuan	蠟燭, 蠟, 洋蠟
Jin	Xinzhou	蠟, 洋蠟
Northern Min	Jian'ou	蠟燭
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	燭, 蠟燭
Eastern Min	Fuqing	燭
Southern Min	Xiamen	蠟燭
	Quanzhou	蠟燭
	Zhangzhou	蠟燭
	Dongshan	蠟燭
	Tainan	蠟燭
	Penang (Hokkien)	燭仔
	Singapore (Hokkien)	蠟燭
	Manila (Hokkien)	蠟燭, 燭
	Zhangping (Yongfu)	蠟
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	蠟燭
	Guilin (Biyange)	蠟燭
	Chaozhou	蠟燭
	Shantou	蠟燭
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	燭
	Jieyang	蠟燭
	Bangkok (Teochew)	蠟燭
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	蠟燭
	Pontianak (Teochew)	蠟燭
	Leizhou	蠟燭, 燭
	Wenchang	蠟燭
	Haikou	蠟燭
Puxian Min	Putian	燭, 洋燭
Puxian Min	Xianyou	蠟燭, 洋燭
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	蠟燭
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	蠟燭
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dahe)	蠟燭
Wu	Shanghai	蠟燭, 洋蠟燭
	Shanghai (Chongming)	蠟燭, 專燭, 洋蠟燭
	Suzhou	蠟燭, 洋蠟燭
	Danyang	蠟燭, 洋蠟燭
	Hangzhou	蠟燭, 洋蠟燭
	Ningbo	蠟燭, 洋蠟燭, 洋燭
	Wenzhou	蠟燭, 洋蠟燭, 洋燭
	Jinhua	蠟燭, 洋蠟燭
Xiang	Changsha	蠟燭, 洋蠟燭
	Loudi	蠟燭
	Shuangfeng	蠟燭
	Quanzhou	蠟燭

References

莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “洋烛”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 300.