払う

Japanese

Alternative spelling
拂う (kyūjitai)

From Old Japanese. First attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE, with the phonetic man'yōgana spelling 波羅賦.^[1]^[2]

Stem forms
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形)	払う	はらう	`[hàráꜜù]`
Imperative (命令形)	払え	はらえ	`[hàráꜜè]`
Key constructions
Passive	払われる	はらわれる	`[hàráwáréꜜrù]`
Causative	払わせる	はらわせる	`[hàráwáséꜜrù]`
Potential	払える	はらえる	`[hàráéꜜrù]`
Volitional	払おう	はらおー	`[hàráóꜜò]`
Negative	払わない	はらわない	`[hàráwáꜜnàì]`
Negative perfective	払わなかった	はらわなかった	`[hàráwáꜜnàkàttà]`
Formal	払います	はらいます	`[hàráímáꜜsù]`
Perfective	払った	はらった	`[hàráꜜttà]`
Conjunctive	払って	はらって	`[hàráꜜttè]`
Hypothetical conditional	払えば	はらえば	`[hàráꜜèbà]`

(western dialects or literary variant)

払(はら)う • (harau) ^{←はらふ (farafu)^?}transitive godan (stem 払(はら)い (harai), past 払(はら)った (haratta))

to drive away, to get rid of
手(て)で蝿(はえ)を払(はら)う
te de hae o harau
to whisk flies off

蜘蛛(くも)の巣(す)を払(はら)う
kumo no su o harau
to remove spiderwebs

ほこりを払(はら)う
hokori o harau
to get rid of the dust
to give away, to pay
給料(きゅうりょう)を払(はら)う
kyūryō o harau
to pay salary

犠牲(ぎせい)を払(はら)う
gisei o harau
to make a sacrifice
to empty
部屋(へや)を払(はら)う
heya o harau
to clear out the room
(calligraphy) to write as a sweeping stroke to the bottom right (㇏)
Coordinate term: 止める

Conjugation of "払う" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Classical conjugation of "払ふ" (ハ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形)	払は	はらは	farafa
Continuative (連用形)	払ひ	はらひ	farafi
Terminal (終止形)	払ふ	はらふ	farafu
Attributive (連体形)	払ふ	はらふ	farafu
Realis (已然形)	払へ	はらへ	farafe
Imperative (命令形)	払へ	はらへ	farafe
Key constructions
Negative	払はず	はらはず	farafazu
Contrasting conjunction	払へど	はらへど	farafedo
Causal conjunction	払へば	はらへば	farafeba
Conditional conjunction	払はば	はらはば	farafaba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge)	払ひき	はらひき	farafiki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge)	払ひけり	はらひけり	farafikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action)	払ひつ	はらひつ	farafitu
Perfect tense (natural event)	払ひぬ	はらひぬ	farafinu
Perfect-continuative tense	払へり払ひたり	はらへりはらひたり	faraferi farafitari
Volitional	払はむ	はらはむ	farafamu

^ “払・掃”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
^
720, Nihon Shoki, The Age of the Gods, part 1:
, text here (spelled in phonetic man'yōgana 波羅賦, pronounced parapu)
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN