戯れる
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Japanese
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
戯 |
たわむ Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
---|
戲れる (kyūjitai) |
Shift from 戯れる (tawabureru) below.[1][2][3] The element たわ (tawa) is also found in 戯言 (tawagoto, “nonsense, balderdash”) and 戯ける (tawakeru, “to joke, jest”),[3] as well as 拘る (kodawaru).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]戯れる • (tawamureru) ←たはむれる (tafamureru)?intransitive ichidan (stem 戯れ (tawamure), past 戯れた (tawamureta))
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "戯れる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 戯れ | たわむれ | tawamure | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 戯れ | たわむれ | tawamure | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 戯れる | たわむれる | tawamureru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 戯れる | たわむれる | tawamureru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 戯れれ | たわむれれ | tawamurere | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 戯れよ¹ 戯れろ² |
たわむれよ¹ たわむれろ² |
tawamureyo¹ tawamurero² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 戯れられる | たわむれられる | tawamurerareru | |
Causative | 戯れさせる 戯れさす |
たわむれさせる たわむれさす |
tawamuresaseru tawamuresasu | |
Potential | 戯れられる 戯れれる³ |
たわむれられる たわむれれる³ |
tawamurerareru tawamurereru³ | |
Volitional | 戯れよう | たわむれよう | tawamureyō | |
Negative | 戯れない 戯れぬ 戯れん |
たわむれない たわむれぬ たわむれん |
tawamurenai tawamurenu tawamuren | |
Negative continuative | 戯れず | たわむれず | tawamurezu | |
Formal | 戯れます | たわむれます | tawamuremasu | |
Perfective | 戯れた | たわむれた | tawamureta | |
Conjunctive | 戯れて | たわむれて | tawamurete | |
Hypothetical conditional | 戯れれば | たわむれれば | tawamurereba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential |
Derived terms
[edit]- 戯れ言 (tawamuregoto)
Etymology 2
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
戯 |
たわぶ Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
---|
戲れる (kyūjitai) |
Regular development from classical verb 戯る (tahaburu).
Development
Natural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru. For the Old / Classical form, see the 戯る entry.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]戯れる • (tawabureru) ←たはぶれる (tafabureru)?intransitive ichidan (stem 戯れ (tawabure), past 戯れた (tawabureta))
- Synonym of 戯れる (tawamureru)
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "戯れる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 戯れ | たわぶれ | tawabure | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 戯れ | たわぶれ | tawabure | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 戯れる | たわぶれる | tawabureru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 戯れる | たわぶれる | tawabureru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 戯れれ | たわぶれれ | tawaburere | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 戯れよ¹ 戯れろ² |
たわぶれよ¹ たわぶれろ² |
tawabureyo¹ tawaburero² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 戯れられる | たわぶれられる | tawaburerareru | |
Causative | 戯れさせる 戯れさす |
たわぶれさせる たわぶれさす |
tawaburesaseru tawaburesasu | |
Potential | 戯れられる 戯れれる³ |
たわぶれられる たわぶれれる³ |
tawaburerareru tawaburereru³ | |
Volitional | 戯れよう | たわぶれよう | tawabureyō | |
Negative | 戯れない 戯れぬ 戯れん |
たわぶれない たわぶれぬ たわぶれん |
tawaburenai tawaburenu tawaburen | |
Negative continuative | 戯れず | たわぶれず | tawaburezu | |
Formal | 戯れます | たわぶれます | tawaburemasu | |
Perfective | 戯れた | たわぶれた | tawabureta | |
Conjunctive | 戯れて | たわぶれて | tawaburete | |
Hypothetical conditional | 戯れれば | たわぶれれば | tawaburereba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential |
Derived terms
[edit]- 戯れ言 (tawaburegoto)
Etymology 3
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
戯 |
ざ Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
---|
戲れる (kyūjitai) |
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]戯れる • (zareru) intransitive ichidan (stem 戯れ (zare), past 戯れた (zareta))
- to sport; to play; to frolic
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.
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "戯れる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 戯れ | ざれ | zare | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 戯れ | ざれ | zare | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 戯れる | ざれる | zareru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 戯れる | ざれる | zareru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 戯れれ | ざれれ | zarere | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 戯れよ¹ 戯れろ² |
ざれよ¹ ざれろ² |
zareyo¹ zarero² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 戯れられる | ざれられる | zarerareru | |
Causative | 戯れさせる 戯れさす |
ざれさせる ざれさす |
zaresaseru zaresasu | |
Potential | 戯れられる 戯れれる³ |
ざれられる ざれれる³ |
zarerareru zarereru³ | |
Volitional | 戯れよう | ざれよう | zareyō | |
Negative | 戯れない 戯れぬ 戯れん |
ざれない ざれぬ ざれん |
zarenai zarenu zaren | |
Negative continuative | 戯れず | ざれず | zarezu | |
Formal | 戯れます | ざれます | zaremasu | |
Perfective | 戯れた | ざれた | zareta | |
Conjunctive | 戯れて | ざれて | zarete | |
Hypothetical conditional | 戯れれば | ざれれば | zarereba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential |
Derived terms
[edit]- 戯れ言 (zaregoto)
Etymology 4
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
戯 |
じゃ Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
---|
戲れる (kyūjitai) |
Phonetic shift from 戯れる (zareru) above.[1][2][3][6]
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]戯れる • (jareru) intransitive ichidan (stem 戯れ (jare), past 戯れた (jareta))
Japanese verb pair | |
---|---|
active | じゃらす |
mediopassive | 戯れる |
- (of children or animals) to play
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "戯れる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 戯れ | じゃれ | jare | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 戯れ | じゃれ | jare | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 戯れる | じゃれる | jareru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 戯れる | じゃれる | jareru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 戯れれ | じゃれれ | jarere | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 戯れよ¹ 戯れろ² |
じゃれよ¹ じゃれろ² |
jareyo¹ jarero² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 戯れられる | じゃれられる | jarerareru | |
Causative | 戯れさせる 戯れさす |
じゃれさせる じゃれさす |
jaresaseru jaresasu | |
Potential | 戯れられる 戯れれる³ |
じゃれられる じゃれれる³ |
jarerareru jarereru³ | |
Volitional | 戯れよう | じゃれよう | jareyō | |
Negative | 戯れない 戯れぬ 戯れん |
じゃれない じゃれぬ じゃれん |
jarenai jarenu jaren | |
Negative continuative | 戯れず | じゃれず | jarezu | |
Formal | 戯れます | じゃれます | jaremasu | |
Perfective | 戯れた | じゃれた | jareta | |
Conjunctive | 戯れて | じゃれて | jarete | |
Hypothetical conditional | 戯れれば | じゃれれば | jarereba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential |
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
Categories:
- Japanese terms spelled with 戯 read as たわむ
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese intransitive verbs
- Japanese ichidan verbs
- Japanese shimo ichidan verbs
- Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with 戯 read as たわぶ
- Japanese terms spelled with 戯 read as ざ
- Japanese terms spelled with 戯 read as じゃ