戎狄

Chinese

		weapon	barbarians; name of a tribe
trad. (戎狄)		戎	狄
simp. #(戎狄)		戎	狄

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): róngdí

  (Zhuyin): ㄖㄨㄥˊ ㄉㄧˊ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: róngdí
    • Zhuyin: ㄖㄨㄥˊ ㄉㄧˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: róngdí
    • Wade–Giles: jung²-ti²
    • Yale: rúng-dí
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: rongdyi
    • Palladius: жунди (žundi)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐʊŋ³⁵ ti³⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: nyuwng dek

Rime
Character	戎	狄
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	日 (38)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	東 (2)	錫 (127)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	IV
Fanqie	如融切	徒歷切
Baxter	nyuwng	dek
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ȵɨuŋ/	/dek̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ȵiuŋ/	/dek̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ȵʑiuŋ/	/dɛk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ȵuwŋ/	/dɛjk̚/
Li Rong	/ȵiuŋ/	/dek̚/
Wang Li	/ȵʑĭuŋ/	/diek̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ȵʑi̯uŋ/	/dʱiek̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	róng	dí
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jung4	dik6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*nuŋ  lˤek/

  (Zhengzhang): /*njuŋ  deːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	戎	戎	狄
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	róng	róng	dí
Middle Chinese	‹ nyuwng ›	‹ nyuwng ›	‹ dek ›
Old Chinese	/*nuŋ/	/*nuŋ/	/*lˁek/
English	foreigners in the west	weapon	(name of a northern tribe)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	戎	狄
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	10849	2206
Phonetic component	戎	狄
Rime group	終	錫
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	戎	荻
Old Chinese	/*njuŋ/	/*deːɡ/

Noun

戎狄

1. (historical, derogatory) non-Han ethnic groups living in modern-day western and northern China

Derived terms

• 蠻夷戎狄 / 蛮夷戎狄 (mányí róngdí)