始叱

Old Korean

Alternative forms

初叱 (alternative logogram)

Verb

始叱 (*PILUs-)

to begin
- c. 1170, Interpretive gugyeol glosses to the Avatamsaka Sutra, vol. 35:
  始^叱乎灌頂轉輪王位^乙受^良
  *PILUs-wo KWAN.TYENG TYEN.LYWUN.WANG.WUY-r PAT-a
  having begun to ascend the throne of the Chakravartin
  (N.B. Gugyeol glyphs are given in non-abbreviated forms.)
- c. 1170, Interpretive gugyeol glosses to the Avatamsaka Sutra, vol. 35:
  但^只自^衣以身^衣初^叱乎入胎^爲隱乙從^叱不淨^爲飛叱微形^是羅
  *WOCIk SUSuy-lwo MWOM-uy PILUs-wo IP.THAY-ho-no-r CWOc(h) PWU.CYENG-ho-no-s MI.HYENG-i-la
  Only because the body itself was conceived from the beginning as an impure embryo
  (N.B. Gugyeol glyphs are given in non-abbreviated forms.)

Reconstruction notes

In Old Korean orthography, native terms with clear Chinese equivalents are usually written with an initial Chinese character (logogram) glossing the meaning of the word, followed by one or more Chinese characters (phonograms) that transcribe the final syllable or coda consonant of the term. In the case of 始叱, the first character shows that this is the native Old Korean word for “to begin”, and the subsequent character(s) show(s) that the coda consonant of this word is *-s. Because the semantics and the final phoneme(s) match, the word is conventionally reconstructed as *PILUs, the ancestor of Middle Korean 비릇〮다〮 (Yale: pìlús-tá). Note that the reconstruction was not necessarily the actual pronunciation. Rather, it should simply be considered as a method of representing an Old Korean form phonetically by using its Middle Korean reflex.

According to scholarly convention, the elements of the reconstruction which are not directly represented by phonograms are given in capital letters. This allows readers to identify what part of the reconstruction is attested and what part is applied retroactively from the Middle Korean reflex.

Descendants

Middle Korean: 비릇〮다〮 (pìlústá)
- Korean: 비롯하다 (birothada), 비로소 (biroso)

References

황선엽 (Hwang Seon-yeop) et al. (2009) 석독구결사전/釋讀口訣辭典 [Dictionary of interpretive gugyeol], Bakmunsa, →ISBN