團練

Chinese

		regiment; round; circular regiment; round; circular; group; society	to practise; to train; to perfect (one's skill) to practise; to train; to perfect (one's skill); to drill
trad. (團練)		團	練
simp. (团练)		团	练
anagram		練團／练团

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tuánliàn

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄨㄢˊ ㄌㄧㄢˋ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tuánliàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄢˊ ㄌㄧㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tuánliàn
    • Wade–Giles: tʻuan²-lien⁴
    • Yale: twán-lyàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: twanliann
    • Palladius: туаньлянь (tuanʹljanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰu̯än³⁵ li̯ɛn⁵¹/

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• Middle Chinese: dwan lenH

Rime
Character	團	練
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	定 (7)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	桓 (62)	先 (85)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	I	IV
Fanqie	度官切	郎甸切
Baxter	dwan	lenH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/duɑn/	/lenH/
Pan Wuyun	/dʷɑn/	/lenH/
Shao Rongfen	/duɑn/	/lɛnH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/dwan/	/lɛnH/
Li Rong	/duɑn/	/lenH/
Wang Li	/duɑn/	/lienH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/dʱuɑn/	/lienH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tuán	liàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tyun4	lin6

Noun

團練

1. (historical, military) local militia (paramilitary organization under government supervision)

   黃州團練副使／黄州团练副使  ―  Huángzhōu tuánliàn fùshǐ  ―  sublieutenant of Huangzhou militia (Su Shi)