前因後果

Chinese

		the cause; the reason	consequence; outcome; aftermath
trad. (前因後果)		前因	後果
simp. (前因后果)		前因	后果
anagram		後果前因／后果前因

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): qiányīnhòuguǒ

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄧㄣ ㄏㄡˋ ㄍㄨㄛˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): cin⁴ jan¹ hau⁶ gwo²
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chhièn-yîn heu-kó

  (Hailu, HRS): cien rhin^ˋ heu^˖ go^ˊ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qiányīnhòuguǒ
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄧㄣ ㄏㄡˋ ㄍㄨㄛˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ciányinhòuguǒ
    • Wade–Giles: chʻien²-yin¹-hou⁴-kuo³
    • Yale: chyán-yīn-hòu-gwǒ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyaninhowguoo
    • Palladius: цяньиньхоуго (cjanʹinʹxougo)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ in⁵⁵ xoʊ̯⁵¹ ku̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: cin⁴ jan¹ hau⁶ gwo²
    • Yale: chìhn yān hauh gwó
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsin⁴ jan¹ hau⁶ gwo²
    • Guangdong Romanization: qin⁴ yen¹ heo⁶ guo²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiːn²¹ jɐn⁵⁵ hɐu̯²² kʷɔː³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhièn-yîn heu-kó
    • Hakka Romanization System: qien^ˇ in^ˊ heu go^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: qian² yin¹ heu⁴ go³
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰi̯en¹¹ in²⁴⁻¹¹ heu̯⁵⁵ ko³¹/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhièn-yîn heu-kó
    • Hakka Romanization System: qien^ˇ (r)in^ˊ heu go^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: qian² yin¹ heu⁴ go³
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰi̯en¹¹ (j)in²⁴⁻¹¹ heu̯⁵⁵ ko³¹/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: cien rhin^ˋ heu^˖ go^ˊ
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰien⁵⁵ ʒin⁵³ heu³³ ko²⁴/

Idiom

前因後果

1. the entire sequence of events (including its cause and outcome)

   Synonym: 後果前因 / 后果前因 (hòuguǒqiányīn)

References

• “Entry #13890”, in 臺灣客語辭典 [Dictionary of Taiwan Hakka] (overall work in Chinese and Hakka), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2022.