出馬

See also: 出马

Chinese

		to go out; to come out; to occur to go out; to come out; to occur; to produce; to go beyond; to rise; to put forth; to happen; (a measure word for dramas, plays, or operas)	horse; surname
trad. (出馬)		出	馬
simp. (出马)		出	马

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): chūmǎ

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄨ ㄇㄚˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ceot¹ maa⁵
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhut-má / chhut-bé

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: chūmǎ
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄨ ㄇㄚˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: chumǎ
    • Wade–Giles: chʻu¹-ma³
    • Yale: chū-mǎ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chumaa
    • Palladius: чума (čuma)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: ceot¹ maa⁵
    • Yale: chēut máh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsoet⁷ maa⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: cêd¹ ma⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɵt̚⁵ maː¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhut-má
    • Tâi-lô: tshut-má
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhutmar
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ mã⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ mã⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰut̚⁵⁻²⁴ mã⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁵ mã⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhut-bé
    • Tâi-lô: tshut-bé
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhutbea
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ be⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ be⁴¹/

Verb

出馬

1. (formal, literally) to take to the field on horseback; to ride out onto the battlefield
2. (formal, figuratively) to take charge; to go into action

Japanese

Kanji in this term
出	馬
しゅつ Grade: 1	ば Grade: 2
on'yomi

Noun

出(しゅつ)馬(ば) • (shutsuba) 

1. riding out on a horse; often to a battlefield
2. coming forward, especially by running as a candidate in an election

Verb

出(しゅつ)馬(ば)する • (shutsuba suru) suru (stem 出(しゅつ)馬(ば)し (shutsuba shi), past 出(しゅつ)馬(ば)した (shutsuba shita))

1. ride out on horseback, often to battle
2. come forward, typically to run as a candidate for an election

   党公認(とうこうにん)で出馬(しゅつば)する

   tōkōnin de shutsuba suru

   run as a candidate with party support

Conjugation

Conjugation of "出馬する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	出馬し	しゅつばし	shutsuba shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	出馬し	しゅつばし	shutsuba shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	出馬する	しゅつばする	shutsuba suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	出馬する	しゅつばする	shutsuba suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	出馬すれ	しゅつばすれ	shutsuba sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	出馬せよ¹ 出馬しろ²	しゅつばせよ¹ しゅつばしろ²	shutsuba seyo¹ shutsuba shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	出馬される	しゅつばされる	shutsuba sareru
Causative	出馬させる 出馬さす	しゅつばさせる しゅつばさす	shutsuba saseru shutsuba sasu
Potential	出馬できる	しゅつばできる	shutsuba dekiru
Volitional	出馬しよう	しゅつばしよう	shutsuba shiyō
Negative	出馬しない	しゅつばしない	shutsuba shinai
Negative continuative	出馬せず	しゅつばせず	shutsuba sezu
Formal	出馬します	しゅつばします	shutsuba shimasu
Perfective	出馬した	しゅつばした	shutsuba shita
Conjunctive	出馬して	しゅつばして	shutsuba shite
Hypothetical conditional	出馬すれば	しゅつばすれば	shutsuba sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

References

• 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
• Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 [Kōjien] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN