偽る
Appearance
Japanese
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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偽 |
いつわ Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spellings |
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僞る (kyūjitai) 詐る |
Etymology
[edit]According to the earliest attested form うつはる (utsuharu) in early Heian period, it is possibly a compound of 空 (utsu, “something that doesn't exist”) + 張る (haru, “to spread”).
Otherwise a corrupted form of 空 (utsuho, “something that is hollow”) + 在る (aru, “to be”), but this is morphologically problematic because ラ行変格活用 didn't perishes till the late Heian period.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]偽る • (itsuwaru) ←いつはる (itufaru)?intransitive godan (stem 偽り (itsuwari), past 偽った (itsuwatta))
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "偽る" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
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Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 偽ら | いつわら | itsuwara |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 偽り | いつわり | itsuwari |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 偽る | いつわる | itsuwaru |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 偽る | いつわる | itsuwaru |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 偽れ | いつわれ | itsuware |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 偽れ | いつわれ | itsuware |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | 偽られる | いつわられる | itsuwarareru |
Causative | 偽らせる 偽らす |
いつわらせる いつわらす |
itsuwaraseru itsuwarasu |
Potential | 偽れる | いつわれる | itsuwareru |
Volitional | 偽ろう | いつわろう | itsuwarō |
Negative | 偽らない | いつわらない | itsuwaranai |
Negative continuative | 偽らず | いつわらず | itsuwarazu |
Formal | 偽ります | いつわります | itsuwarimasu |
Perfective | 偽った | いつわった | itsuwatta |
Conjunctive | 偽って | いつわって | itsuwatte |
Hypothetical conditional | 偽れば | いつわれば | itsuwareba |
References
[edit]- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Categories:
- Japanese terms spelled with 偽 read as いつわ
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese compound terms
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese intransitive verbs
- Japanese godan verbs
- Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru
- Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji