もどかしい
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Japanese
[edit]Alternative spellings |
---|
擬かしい 擬しい (less common) |
Etymology
[edit]From the 連体形 (rentaikei, “attributive form”) of Early Middle Japanese adjective 擬し (modokashi), with the medial /-k-/ falling out. In turn, derived from verb 擬く (modoku, “to imitate, to mimic; to oppose, to criticize, to censure”).[1][2][3]
Cited to the 宇津保物語 (Utsubo Monogatari) of the late 900s.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]もどかしい • (modokashii) -i (adverbial もどかしく (modokashiku))
- (said of something else causing the sensation) irritating, frustrating, due to not turning out as expected
- (said of a person experiencing the sensation) impatient
- slow (of movement, causing others to feel impatient)
- Synonym: 鈍い (noroi)
- worthy of criticism, displeasing
Inflection
[edit]Inflection of もどかしい
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Imperfective (未然形) | もどかしかろ | modokashikaro | |
Continuative (連用形) | もどかしく | modokashiku | |
Terminal (終止形) | もどかしい | modokashii | |
Attributive (連体形) | もどかしい | modokashii | |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | もどかしけれ | modokashikere | |
Imperative (命令形) | もどかしかれ | modokashikare | |
Key constructions | |||
Informal negative | もどかしくない | modokashiku nai | |
Informal past | もどかしかった | modokashikatta | |
Informal negative past | もどかしくなかった | modokashiku nakatta | |
Formal | もどかしいです | modokashii desu | |
Formal negative | もどかしくないです | modokashiku nai desu | |
Formal past | もどかしかったです | modokashikatta desu | |
Formal negative past | もどかしくなかったです | modokashiku nakatta desu | |
Conjunctive | もどかしくて | modokashikute | |
Conditional | もどかしければ | modokashikereba | |
Provisional | もどかしかったら | modokashikattara | |
Volitional | もどかしかろう | modokashikarō | |
Adverbial | もどかしく | modokashiku | |
Degree | もどかしさ | modokashisa |
See also
[edit]- 擬く (modoku)
References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN