つづめる

Japanese

Alternative spelling
約める

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “related to ちぢめる?”)

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) つづめる [tsùzúmérú] (Heiban – [0])
• (Tokyo) つづめる [tsùzúméꜜrù] (Nakadaka – [3])
• IPA^(key): [t͡sɨzɨme̞ɾɯ̟]

Verb

つづめる • (tsuzumeru) ^{←つづめる (tudumeru)?}godan (stem つづめり (tsuzumeri), past つづめった (tsuzumetta))

1. to condense
   • (Can we date this quote?), 神田喜一郎, “漢字の新造”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name):

     圖(と)書(しよ)館(かん)の三(さん)字(じ)をつづめて一(いち)字(じ)にしたもの

     toshokan no sanji o tsuzumete ichiji ni shita mono

     a condensation of the three characters of 圖書館 (toshokan, “library”) into one character

Conjugation

Conjugation of "つづめる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	つづめら	tsuzumera
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	つづめり	tsuzumeri
Shūshikei ("terminal")	つづめる	tsuzumeru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	つづめる	tsuzumeru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	つづめれ	tsuzumere
Meireikei ("imperative")	つづめれ	tsuzumere
Key constructions
Passive	つづめられる	tsuzumerareru
Causative	つづめらせる つづめらす	tsuzumeraseru tsuzumerasu
Potential	つづめれる	tsuzumereru
Volitional	つづめろう	tsuzumerō
Negative	つづめらない	tsuzumeranai
Negative continuative	つづめらず	tsuzumerazu
Formal	つづめります	tsuzumerimasu
Perfective	つづめった	tsuzumetta
Conjunctive	つづめって	tsuzumette
Hypothetical conditional	つづめれば	tsuzumereba