あやめる

Japanese

Alternative spellings
危める殺める

/ajamu/ → /ajamuru/ → /ajameru/

First attested in the late Muromachi period.^[1]

Possibly cognate with 危うい (ayaui, “dangerous, perilous”).

あやめる • (ayameru) ichidan (stem あやめ (ayame), past あやめた (ayameta))

Conjugation of "あやめる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	あやめ	ayame
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	あやめ	ayame
Shūshikei ("terminal")	あやめる	ayameru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	あやめる	ayameru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	あやめれ	ayamere
Meireikei ("imperative")	あやめよ¹ あやめろ²	ayameyo¹ ayamero²
Key constructions
Passive	あやめられる	ayamerareru
Causative	あやめさせるあやめさす	ayamesaseru ayamesasu
Potential	あやめられるあやめれる³	ayamerareru ayamereru³
Volitional	あやめよう	ayameyō
Negative	あやめないあやめぬあやめん	ayamenai ayamenu ayamen
Negative continuative	あやめず	ayamezu
Formal	あやめます	ayamemasu
Perfective	あやめた	ayameta
Conjunctive	あやめて	ayamete
Hypothetical conditional	あやめれば	ayamereba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential

Classical conjugation of "あやむ" (マ行下二段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形)	あやめ	ayame
Continuative (連用形)	あやめ	ayame
Terminal (終止形)	あやむ	ayamu
Attributive (連体形)	あやむる	ayamuru
Realis (已然形)	あやむれ	ayamure
Imperative (命令形)	あやめよ	ayameyo
Key constructions
Negative	あやめず	ayamezu
Contrasting conjunction	あやむれど	ayamuredo
Causal conjunction	あやむれば	ayamureba
Conditional conjunction	あやめば	ayameba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge)	あやめき	ayameki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge)	あやめけり	ayamekeri
Perfect tense (conscious action)	あやめつ	ayametu
Perfect tense (natural event)	あやめぬ	ayamenu
Perfect-continuative tense	あやめたり	ayametari
Volitional	あやめむ	ayamemu

^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN