ὁλκός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *selk- (“to pull, drag”), whence also ὁλκή (holkḗ, “dragging, drawing”), ἕλκω (hélkō, “to draw, drag”), Latin sulcus (“furrow”) and Old English sulh (“plough”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /hol.kós/ → /olˈkos/ → /olˈkos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /hol.kós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /(h)olˈkos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /olˈkos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /olˈkos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /olˈkos/

Adjective

ὁλκός • (holkós) m (feminine ὁλκή, neuter ὁλκόν); first/second declension

1. drawing to oneself, attractive
2. trailing

Inflection

First and second declension of ὁλκός; ὁλκή; ὁλκόν (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		ὁλκός holkós	ὁλκή holkḗ	ὁλκόν holkón		ὁλκώ holkṓ	ὁλκᾱ́ holkā́	ὁλκώ holkṓ		ὁλκοί holkoí	ὁλκαί holkaí	ὁλκᾰ́ holká
Genitive		ὁλκοῦ holkoû	ὁλκῆς holkês	ὁλκοῦ holkoû		ὁλκοῖν holkoîn	ὁλκαῖν holkaîn	ὁλκοῖν holkoîn		ὁλκῶν holkôn	ὁλκῶν holkôn	ὁλκῶν holkôn
Dative		ὁλκῷ holkôi	ὁλκῇ holkêi	ὁλκῷ holkôi		ὁλκοῖν holkoîn	ὁλκαῖν holkaîn	ὁλκοῖν holkoîn		ὁλκοῖς holkoîs	ὁλκαῖς holkaîs	ὁλκοῖς holkoîs
Accusative		ὁλκόν holkón	ὁλκήν holkḗn	ὁλκόν holkón		ὁλκώ holkṓ	ὁλκᾱ́ holkā́	ὁλκώ holkṓ		ὁλκούς holkoús	ὁλκᾱ́ς holkā́s	ὁλκᾰ́ holká
Vocative		ὁλκέ holké	ὁλκή holkḗ	ὁλκόν holkón		ὁλκώ holkṓ	ὁλκᾱ́ holkā́	ὁλκώ holkṓ		ὁλκοί holkoí	ὁλκαί holkaí	ὁλκᾰ́ holká
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		ὁλκῶς holkôs				ὁλκότερος holkóteros				ὁλκότᾰτος holkótatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Noun

ὁλκός • (holkós) m (genitive ὁλκοῦ); second declension

1. machine for hauling ships on land, probably a fixed capstan, windlass
2. furrow, track, trace
3. aqueduct, ditch, channel
4. kind of spider
5. wall barley (Hordeum murinum)

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ ὁλκός; τοῦ ὁλκοῦ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ ὁλκός ho holkós	τὼ ὁλκώ tṑ holkṓ	οἱ ὁλκοί hoi holkoí
Genitive	τοῦ ὁλκοῦ toû holkoû	τοῖν ὁλκοῖν toîn holkoîn	τῶν ὁλκῶν tôn holkôn
Dative	τῷ ὁλκῷ tôi holkôi	τοῖν ὁλκοῖν toîn holkoîn	τοῖς ὁλκοῖς toîs holkoîs
Accusative	τὸν ὁλκόν tòn holkón	τὼ ὁλκώ tṑ holkṓ	τοὺς ὁλκούς toùs holkoús
Vocative	ὁλκέ holké	ὁλκώ holkṓ	ὁλκοί holkoí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• → Latin: holcus
• Translingual: Holcus

Further reading

• “ὁλκός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ὁλκός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ὁλκός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ὁλκός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN