ἔκδικος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From ἐκ- (ek-, “outside”) +‎ δῐ́κη (dĭ́kē, “justice”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /éɡ.di.kos/ → /ˈeɡ.ði.kos/ → /ˈeɡ.ði.kos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /éɡ.di.kos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈeɡ.di.kos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈeɡ.ði.kos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈeɡ.ði.kos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈeɡ.ði.kos/

Adjective

ἔκδῐκος • (ékdĭkos) m or f (neuter ἐκδῐ́κου); second declension

1. lawless, unjust
   • 525 BCE – 455 BCE, Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 1093
   • 406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 920
   • 442 BCE, Sophocles, Antigone 928:

     εἰ δ’ οἵδ’ ἁμαρτάνουσι, μὴ πλείω κακὰ
     πάθοιεν ἢ καὶ δρῶσιν ἐκδίκως ἐμέ.

     ei d’ hoíd’ hamartánousi, mḕ pleíō kakà
     páthoien ḕ kaì drôsin ekdíkōs emé.

     But if they are wrong, let them suffer no more evils than they have done unjustly to me.

2. avenging; (as substantive) avenger
   • Batrachomyomachia, 97
   • 170 CE – 240 CE, Herodian, 7 4.5
   • 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, 2 509f
   • 300 BCE – 200 BCE, Septuagint, Wisdom of Solomon 12.12
3. (law) public advocate or prosecutor
   • 106 BCE – 43 BCE, Cicero, Fam. 13.56.1
4. (law) legal representative
   • POxy., 261 14
   • Pliny, Ep.Traj. 110

Declension

Second declension of ἔκδῐκος; ἔκδῐκον (Attic)

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		ἔκδῐκος ékdĭkos	ἔκδῐκον ékdĭkon		ἐκδῐ́κω ekdĭ́kō	ἐκδῐ́κω ekdĭ́kō		ἔκδῐκοι ékdĭkoi	ἔκδῐκᾰ ékdĭkă
Genitive		ἐκδῐ́κου ekdĭ́kou	ἐκδῐ́κου ekdĭ́kou		ἐκδῐ́κοιν ekdĭ́koin	ἐκδῐ́κοιν ekdĭ́koin		ἐκδῐ́κων ekdĭ́kōn	ἐκδῐ́κων ekdĭ́kōn
Dative		ἐκδῐ́κῳ ekdĭ́kōi	ἐκδῐ́κῳ ekdĭ́kōi		ἐκδῐ́κοιν ekdĭ́koin	ἐκδῐ́κοιν ekdĭ́koin		ἐκδῐ́κοις ekdĭ́kois	ἐκδῐ́κοις ekdĭ́kois
Accusative		ἔκδῐκον ékdĭkon	ἔκδῐκον ékdĭkon		ἐκδῐ́κω ekdĭ́kō	ἐκδῐ́κω ekdĭ́kō		ἐκδῐ́κους ekdĭ́kous	ἔκδῐκᾰ ékdĭkă
Vocative		ἔκδῐκε ékdĭke	ἔκδῐκον ékdĭkon		ἐκδῐ́κω ekdĭ́kō	ἐκδῐ́κω ekdĭ́kō		ἔκδῐκοι ékdĭkoi	ἔκδῐκᾰ ékdĭkă
Derived forms		Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
		ἐκδῐ́κως ekdĭ́kōs			ἐκδῐκώτερος ekdĭkṓteros			ἐκδῐκώτᾰτος ekdĭkṓtătos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Synonyms

• (unjust): ἄδῐκος (ádĭkos)

References

• ἔκδικος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)