ἐπίπονος

See also: επίπονος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

ἐπι- (epi-) +‎ πόνος (pónos)

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /e.pí.po.nos/ → /eˈpi.po.nos/ → /eˈpi.po.nos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /e.pí.po.nos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /eˈpi.po.nos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /eˈpi.po.nos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /eˈpi.po.nos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /eˈpi.po.nos/

Adjective

ἐπίπονος • (epíponos) m or f (neuter ἐπίπονον); second declension

1. painful, toilsome, laborious

Declension

Second declension of ἐπῐ́πονος; ἐπῐ́πονον (Attic)

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		ἐπῐ́πονος epĭ́ponos	ἐπῐ́πονον epĭ́ponon		ἐπῐπόνω epĭpónō	ἐπῐπόνω epĭpónō		ἐπῐ́πονοι epĭ́ponoi	ἐπῐ́πονᾰ epĭ́ponă
Genitive		ἐπῐπόνου epĭpónou	ἐπῐπόνου epĭpónou		ἐπῐπόνοιν epĭpónoin	ἐπῐπόνοιν epĭpónoin		ἐπῐπόνων epĭpónōn	ἐπῐπόνων epĭpónōn
Dative		ἐπῐπόνῳ epĭpónōi	ἐπῐπόνῳ epĭpónōi		ἐπῐπόνοιν epĭpónoin	ἐπῐπόνοιν epĭpónoin		ἐπῐπόνοις epĭpónois	ἐπῐπόνοις epĭpónois
Accusative		ἐπῐ́πονον epĭ́ponon	ἐπῐ́πονον epĭ́ponon		ἐπῐπόνω epĭpónō	ἐπῐπόνω epĭpónō		ἐπῐπόνους epĭpónous	ἐπῐ́πονᾰ epĭ́ponă
Vocative		ἐπῐ́πονε epĭ́pone	ἐπῐ́πονον epĭ́ponon		ἐπῐπόνω epĭpónō	ἐπῐπόνω epĭpónō		ἐπῐ́πονοι epĭ́ponoi	ἐπῐ́πονᾰ epĭ́ponă
Derived forms		Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
		ἐπῐπόνως epĭpónōs			ἐπῐπονώτερος epĭponṓteros			ἐπῐπονώτᾰτος epĭponṓtătos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• → Greek: επίπονος (epíponos) (learned)

Further reading

• ἐπίπονος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἐπίπονος in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
• “ἐπίπονος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • laborious idem, page 472.
  • toilsome idem, page 880.
  • troublesome idem, page 897.
  • vexatious idem, page 950.
  • wearisome idem, page 970.
  • weary idem, page 970.