ἐναίρω

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• ἐνναίρω (ennaírō)

Etymology

From ἔναρα (énara) with a *y progressive aspect marker.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /e.nǎi̯.rɔː/ → /eˈnɛ.ro/ → /eˈne.ro/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /e.nǎi̯.rɔː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /eˈnɛ.ro/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /eˈnɛ.ro/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /eˈne.ro/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /eˈne.ro/

Verb

ἐναίρω • (enaírō)

1. to kill, slay (especially in battle)

   Synonyms: καίνω (kaínō), κτείνω (kteínō)

2. to destroy

Conjugation

   Present: ἐναίρω, ἐναίρομαι (Epic)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἐναίρω	ἐναίρεις	ἐναίρει	ἐναίρετον	ἐναίρετον	ἐναίρομεν	ἐναίρετε	ἐναίρουσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	ἐναίρω, ἐναίρωμῐ	ἐναίρῃς, ἐναίρῃσθᾰ	ἐναίρῃ, ἐναίρῃσῐ	ἐναίρητον	ἐναίρητον	ἐναίρωμεν	ἐναίρητε	ἐναίρωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἐναίροιμῐ	ἐναίροισ(θᾰ)	ἐναίροι	ἐναίροιτον	ἐναιροίτην	ἐναίροιμεν	ἐναίροιτε	ἐναίροιεν
	imperative		ἔναιρε	ἐναιρέτω	ἐναίρετον	ἐναιρέτων		ἐναίρετε	ἐναιρόντων
middle/ passive	indicative	ἐναίρομαι	ἐναίρεαι	ἐναίρεται	ἐναίρεσθον	ἐναίρεσθον	ἐναιρόμε(σ)θᾰ	ἐναίρεσθε	ἐναίρονται
	subjunctive	ἐναίρωμαι	ἐναίρηαι	ἐναίρηται	ἐναίρησθον	ἐναίρησθον	ἐναιρώμε(σ)θᾰ	ἐναίρησθε	ἐναίρωνται
	optative	ἐναιροίμην	ἐναίροιο	ἐναίροιτο	ἐναίροισθον	ἐναιροίσθην	ἐναιροίμε(σ)θᾰ	ἐναίροισθε	ἐναιροίᾰτο
	imperative		ἐναίρεο	ἐναιρέσθω	ἐναίρεσθον	ἐναιρέσθων		ἐναίρεσθε	ἐναιρέσθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		ἐναίρειν/ἐναιρέμεν(αι)/ἐναιρμέναι				ἐναίρεσθαι
participle	m	ἐναίρων				ἐναιρόμενος
	f	ἐναίρουσᾰ				ἐναιρομένη
	n	ἐναῖρον				ἐναιρόμενον
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Imperfect: ἤναιρον, ἠναιρόμην (Epic)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἤναιρον	ἤναιρες	ἤναιρε(ν)	ἠναίρετον	ἠναιρέτην	ἠναίρομεν	ἠναίρετε	ἤναιρον
middle/ passive	indicative	ἠναιρόμην	ἠναίρου	ἠναίρετο	ἠναίρεσθον	ἠναιρέσθην	ἠναιρόμε(σ)θᾰ	ἠναίρεσθε	ἠναίροντο
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Aorist: ἔνηρᾰ, ἐνηρᾰ́μην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἔνηρᾰ	ἔνηρᾰς	ἔνηρε(ν)	ἐνήρᾰτον	ἐνηρᾰ́την	ἐνήρᾰμεν	ἐνήρᾰτε	ἔνηρᾰν
	subjunctive	ἐνήρω	ἐνήρῃς	ἐνήρῃ	ἐνήρητον	ἐνήρητον	ἐνήρωμεν	ἐνήρητε	ἐνήρωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἐνήραιμῐ	ἐνήρειᾰς, ἐνήραις	ἐνήρειε(ν), ἐνήραι	ἐνήραιτον	ἐνηραίτην	ἐνήραιμεν	ἐνήραιτε	ἐνήρειᾰν, ἐνήραιεν
	imperative		ἔνηρον	ἐνηρᾰ́τω	ἐνήρᾰτον	ἐνηρᾰ́των		ἐνήρᾰτε	ἐνηρᾰ́ντων
middle	indicative	ἐνηρᾰ́μην	ἐνήρω	ἐνήρᾰτο	ἐνήρᾰσθον	ἐνηρᾰ́σθην	ἐνηρᾰ́μεθᾰ	ἐνήρᾰσθε	ἐνήρᾰντο
	subjunctive	ἐνήρωμαι	ἐνήρῃ	ἐνήρηται	ἐνήρησθον	ἐνήρησθον	ἐνηρώμεθᾰ	ἐνήρησθε	ἐνήρωνται
	optative	ἐνηραίμην	ἐνήραιο	ἐνήραιτο	ἐνήραισθον	ἐνηραίσθην	ἐνηραίμεθᾰ	ἐνήραισθε	ἐνήραιντο
	imperative		ἔνηραι	ἐνηρᾰ́σθω	ἐνήρᾰσθον	ἐνηρᾰ́σθων		ἐνήρᾰσθε	ἐνηρᾰ́σθων
		active			middle
infinitive		ἐνῆραι			ἐνήρᾰσθαι
participle	m	ἐνήρᾱς			ἐνηρᾰ́μενος
	f	ἐνήρᾱσᾰ			ἐνηρᾰμένη
	n	ἐνῆρᾰν			ἐνηρᾰ́μενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Aorist: ἤνᾰρον, ἠνᾰρόμην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἤνᾰρον	ἤνᾰρες	ἤνᾰρε(ν)	ἠνᾰ́ρετον	ἠνᾰρέτην	ἠνᾰ́ρομεν	ἠνᾰ́ρετε	ἤνᾰρον
	subjunctive	ἐνᾰ́ρω	ἐνᾰ́ρῃς	ἐνᾰ́ρῃ	ἐνᾰ́ρητον	ἐνᾰ́ρητον	ἐνᾰ́ρωμεν	ἐνᾰ́ρητε	ἐνᾰ́ρωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἐνᾰ́ροιμῐ	ἐνᾰ́ροις	ἐνᾰ́ροι	ἐνᾰ́ροιτον	ἐνᾰροίτην	ἐνᾰ́ροιμεν	ἐνᾰ́ροιτε	ἐνᾰ́ροιεν
	imperative		ἔνᾰρε	ἐνᾰρέτω	ἐνᾰ́ρετον	ἐνᾰρέτων		ἐνᾰ́ρετε	ἐνᾰρόντων
middle	indicative	ἠνᾰρόμην	ἠνᾰ́ρου	ἠνᾰ́ρετο	ἠνᾰ́ρεσθον	ἠνᾰρέσθην	ἠνᾰρόμεθᾰ	ἠνᾰ́ρεσθε	ἠνᾰ́ροντο
	subjunctive	ἐνᾰ́ρωμαι	ἐνᾰ́ρῃ	ἐνᾰ́ρηται	ἐνᾰ́ρησθον	ἐνᾰ́ρησθον	ἐνᾰρώμεθᾰ	ἐνᾰ́ρησθε	ἐνᾰ́ρωνται
	optative	ἐνᾰροίμην	ἐνᾰ́ροιο	ἐνᾰ́ροιτο	ἐνᾰ́ροισθον	ἐνᾰροίσθην	ἐνᾰροίμεθᾰ	ἐνᾰ́ροισθε	ἐνᾰ́ροιντο
	imperative		ἐνᾰροῦ	ἐνᾰρέσθω	ἐνᾰ́ρεσθον	ἐνᾰρέσθων		ἐνᾰ́ρεσθε	ἐνᾰρέσθων
		active			middle
infinitive		ἐνᾰρεῖν			ἐνᾰρέσθαι
participle	m	ἐνᾰρών			ἐνᾰρόμενος
	f	ἐνᾰροῦσᾰ			ἐνᾰρομένη
	n	ἐνᾰρόν			ἐνᾰρόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Aorist: ἔνᾰρον, ἐνᾰρόμην (Epic)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἔνᾰρον	ἔνᾰρες	ἔνᾰρε(ν)	ἐνᾰ́ρετον	ἐνᾰρέτην	ἐνᾰ́ρομεν	ἐνᾰ́ρετε	ἔνᾰρον
	subjunctive	ἐνᾰ́ρω, ἐνᾰ́ρωμῐ	ἐνᾰ́ρῃς, ἐνᾰ́ρῃσθᾰ	ἐνᾰ́ρῃ, ἐνᾰ́ρῃσῐ	ἐνᾰ́ρητον	ἐνᾰ́ρητον	ἐνᾰ́ρωμεν	ἐνᾰ́ρητε	ἐνᾰ́ρωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἐνᾰ́ροιμῐ	ἐνᾰ́ροις/ἐνᾰ́ροισθᾰ	ἐνᾰ́ροι	ἐνᾰρεῖτον	ἐνᾰρείτην	ἐνᾰρεῖμεν	ἐνᾰρεῖτε	ἐνᾰρεῖεν
	imperative		ἔνᾰρε	ἐνᾰρέτω	ἐνᾰ́ρετον	ἐνᾰρέτων		ἐνᾰ́ρετε	ἐνᾰρόντων
middle	indicative	ἐνᾰρόμην	ἐνᾰ́ρεο	ἐνᾰ́ρετο	ἐνᾰ́ρεσθον	ἐνᾰρέσθην	ἐνᾰρόμε(σ)θᾰ	ἐνᾰ́ρεσθε	ἐνᾰ́ροντο
	subjunctive	ἐνᾰ́ρωμαι	ἐνᾰ́ρηαι	ἐνᾰ́ρηται	ἐνᾰ́ρησθον	ἐνᾰ́ρησθον	ἐνᾰρώμε(σ)θᾰ	ἐνᾰ́ρησθε	ἐνᾰ́ρωνται
	optative	ἐνᾰροίμην	ἐνᾰ́ροιο	ἐνᾰ́ροιτο	ἐνᾰ́ροισθον	ἐνᾰροίσθην	ἐνᾰροίμε(σ)θᾰ	ἐνᾰ́ροισθε	ἐνᾰροίᾰτο
	imperative		ἐνᾰ́ρεο	ἐνᾰρέσθω	ἐνᾰ́ρεσθον	ἐνᾰρέσθων		ἐνᾰ́ρεσθε	ἐνᾰρέσθων
		active			middle
infinitive		ἐνᾰρεῖν/ἐνᾰρέμεν(αι)			ἐνᾰρέσθαι
participle	m	ἐνᾰρών			ἐνᾰρόμενος
	f	ἐνᾰροῦσᾰ			ἐνᾰρομένη
	n	ἐνᾰρόν			ἐνᾰρόμενον
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Derived terms

• ἐξεναίρω (exenaírō)
• κατεναίρομαι (katenaíromai)

Further reading

• “ἐναίρω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• ἐναίρω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἐναίρω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• ἐναίρω in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• “ἐναίρω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἐναίρω”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • kill idem, page 468.
  • slay idem, page 783.