ἐγκράτεια

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From ἐγκρᾰτής (enkrătḗs, “possession, power over”) +‎ -ῐᾰ (-ĭă).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /eŋ.krá.teː.a/ → /eŋˈɡra.ti.a/ → /eŋˈɡra.ti.a/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /eŋ.krá.teː.a/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /eŋˈkra.ti.a/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /eŋˈɡra.ti.a/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /eŋˈɡra.ti.a/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /eŋˈɡra.ti.a/

Noun

ἐγκρᾰ́τειᾰ • (enkrắteiă) f (genitive ἐγκρᾰτείᾱς); first declension

1. mastery over
   • 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 390B
   • 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 430E
   • 436 BCE – 338 BCE, Isocrates, Collected Works 6C
   • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Memorabilia 2.1.1
   • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics 7.4.6
2. self-control
   • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Memorabilia 1.5.1

Inflection

First declension of ἡ ἐγκρᾰ́τειᾰ; τῆς ἐγκρᾰτείᾱς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ ἐγκρᾰ́τειᾰ hē enkrắteiă	τὼ ἐγκρᾰτείᾱ tṑ enkrăteíā	αἱ ἐγκρᾰ́τειαι hai enkrắteiai
Genitive	τῆς ἐγκρᾰτείᾱς tês enkrăteíās	τοῖν ἐγκρᾰτείαιν toîn enkrăteíain	τῶν ἐγκρᾰτειῶν tôn enkrăteiôn
Dative	τῇ ἐγκρᾰτείᾳ têi enkrăteíāi	τοῖν ἐγκρᾰτείαιν toîn enkrăteíain	ταῖς ἐγκρᾰτείαις taîs enkrăteíais
Accusative	τὴν ἐγκρᾰ́τειᾰν tḕn enkrắteiăn	τὼ ἐγκρᾰτείᾱ tṑ enkrăteíā	τᾱ̀ς ἐγκρᾰτείᾱς tā̀s enkrăteíās
Vocative	ἐγκρᾰ́τειᾰ enkrắteiă	ἐγκρᾰτείᾱ enkrăteíā	ἐγκρᾰ́τειαι enkrắteiai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

References

• “ἐγκράτεια”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἐγκράτεια”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ἐγκράτεια in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἐγκράτεια in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
• G1466 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • abstemiousness idem, page 4.
  • abstinence idem, page 4.
  • chastity idem, page 127.
  • continence idem, page 168.
  • control idem, page 170.
  • mastery idem, page 517.
  • repression idem, page 698.
  • restraint idem, page 705.
  • self-control idem, page 750.
  • self-restraint idem, page 751.
  • sobriety idem, page 790.
  • temperance idem, page 860.