ἄφενος
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Ancient Greek
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- ἄφνος (áphnos)
Etymology
[edit]Traditionally connected to Sanskrit अप्नस् (apnas, “property, possession”) and Latin ops (“power. strength”). The agreement with Hittite [script needed] (ḫappina-, “rich”) is remarkable, but cannot be correct in view of the more likely comparison with the above, which are probably not directly related to the Hittite word. The Greek word looks Proto-Indo-European: according to Beekes, a root *h₂bʰen- is the obvious reconstruction. The recent attempt to connect this word with Proto-Indo-European *h₂ebʰ- (“stream”) does not convince, but it would be similar to affluent (i.e. "flowing") and to πλοῦτος (ploûtos) (i.e. "flowing").
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /á.pʰe.nos/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈa.pʰe.nos/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈa.ɸe.nos/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈa.fe.nos/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈa.fe.nos/
Noun
[edit]ἄφενος • (áphenos) n (genitive ἀφένους); third declension
Inflection
[edit]Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | τὸ ἄφενος tò áphenos |
τὼ ἀφένει tṑ aphénei |
τᾰ̀ ἀφένη tà aphénē | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ ἀφένους toû aphénous |
τοῖν ἀφενοῖν toîn aphenoîn |
τῶν ἀφενῶν tôn aphenôn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ ἀφένει tôi aphénei |
τοῖν ἀφενοῖν toîn aphenoîn |
τοῖς ἀφένεσῐ / ἀφένεσῐν toîs aphénesi(n) | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸ ἄφενος tò áphenos |
τὼ ἀφένει tṑ aphénei |
τᾰ̀ ἀφένη tà aphénē | ||||||||||
Vocative | ἄφενος áphenos |
ἀφένει aphénei |
ἀφένη aphénē | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “ἄφενος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ἄφενος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “ἄφενος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ἄφενος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ἄφενος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- ἄφενος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek 3-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek nouns
- Ancient Greek proparoxytone terms
- Ancient Greek neuter nouns
- Ancient Greek third-declension nouns
- Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension