ἀτασθαλία

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• ἀτασθαλίη (atasthalíē) — Epic, Ionic

Etymology

From ἀτάσθαλος (atásthalos, “foolish”) +‎ -ίᾱ (-íā, abstract noun suffix).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /a.tas.tʰa.lí.aː/ → /a.tas.θaˈli.a/ → /a.tas.θaˈli.a/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /a.tas.tʰa.lí.aː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /a.tas.tʰaˈli.a/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /a.tas.θaˈli.a/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /a.tas.θaˈli.a/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /a.tas.θaˈli.a/

Noun

ἀτασθαλίᾱ • (atasthalíā) f (genitive ἀτασθαλίᾱς); first declension

1. (in Homer, always in the plural) criminal folly, recklessness, heedlessness, wickedness
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 1.6–7:

     Ἀλλ’ οὐδ’ ὧς ἑτάρους ἐρρῡ́σατο, ῑ̔έμενός περ·
     αὐτῶν γὰρ σφετέρῃσιν ἀτασθαλίῃσιν ὄλοντο,
     νήπιοι, οἳ κατὰ βοῦς Ὑπερῑ́ονος Ἠελίοιο
     ἤσθιον·

     All’ oud’ hôs hetárous errhū́sato, hīémenós per;
     autôn gàr sphetérēisin atasthalíēisin ólonto,
     nḗpioi, hoì katà boûs Huperī́onos Ēelíoio
     ḗsthion;

     But despite that [Odysseus] did not save his comrades, though he wanted to:
     for they were destroyed by their own recklessness:
     childish fools, who devoured the cattle of the High Sun:

2. deeds characterized by this quality: wicked deeds
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 21.146–147:

     ἀτασθαλίαι δέ οἱ οἴῳ
     ἐχθραὶ ἔσαν,

     atasthalíai dé hoi oíōi
     ekhthraì ésan,

     To him alone wicked deeds
     were hateful,

Inflection

First declension of ἡ ἀτασθαλῐ́ᾱ; τῆς ἀτασθαλῐ́ᾱς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ ἀτασθαλῐ́ᾱ hē atasthalĭ́ā	τὼ ἀτασθαλῐ́ᾱ tṑ atasthalĭ́ā	αἱ ἀτασθαλῐ́αι hai atasthalĭ́ai
Genitive	τῆς ἀτασθαλῐ́ᾱς tês atasthalĭ́ās	τοῖν ἀτασθαλῐ́αιν toîn atasthalĭ́ain	τῶν ἀτασθαλῐῶν tôn atasthalĭôn
Dative	τῇ ἀτασθαλῐ́ᾳ têi atasthalĭ́āi	τοῖν ἀτασθαλῐ́αιν toîn atasthalĭ́ain	ταῖς ἀτασθαλῐ́αις taîs atasthalĭ́ais
Accusative	τὴν ἀτασθαλῐ́ᾱν tḕn atasthalĭ́ān	τὼ ἀτασθαλῐ́ᾱ tṑ atasthalĭ́ā	τᾱ̀ς ἀτασθαλῐ́ᾱς tā̀s atasthalĭ́ās
Vocative	ἀτασθαλῐ́ᾱ atasthalĭ́ā	ἀτασθαλῐ́ᾱ atasthalĭ́ā	ἀτασθαλῐ́αι atasthalĭ́ai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• → Greek: ατασθαλία (atasthalía) (learned)

Further reading

• “ἀτασθαλία”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἀτασθαλία”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ἀτασθαλία”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter