ἀρχαῖος

See also: αρχαίος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From ἀρχή (arkhḗ, “beginning”) +‎ -ιος (-ios, adjective suffix).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ar.kʰâi̯.os/ → /arˈçɛ.os/ → /arˈçe.os/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ar.kʰâi̯.os/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /arˈkʰɛ.os/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /arˈçɛ.os/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /arˈçe.os/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /arˈçe.os/

Adjective

ἀρχαῖος • (arkhaîos) m (feminine ἀρχαία, neuter ἀρχαῖον); first/second declension

1. Pertaining to the beginning
2. ancient, primeval

Declension

First and second declension of ἀρχαῖος; ἀρχαίᾱ; ἀρχαῖον (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		ἀρχαῖος arkhaîos	ἀρχαίᾱ arkhaíā	ἀρχαῖον arkhaîon		ἀρχαίω arkhaíō	ἀρχαίᾱ arkhaíā	ἀρχαίω arkhaíō		ἀρχαῖοι arkhaîoi	ἀρχαῖαι arkhaîai	ἀρχαῖᾰ arkhaîă
Genitive		ἀρχαίου arkhaíou	ἀρχαίᾱς arkhaíās	ἀρχαίου arkhaíou		ἀρχαίοιν arkhaíoin	ἀρχαίαιν arkhaíain	ἀρχαίοιν arkhaíoin		ἀρχαίων arkhaíōn	ἀρχαίων arkhaíōn	ἀρχαίων arkhaíōn
Dative		ἀρχαίῳ arkhaíōi	ἀρχαίᾳ arkhaíāi	ἀρχαίῳ arkhaíōi		ἀρχαίοιν arkhaíoin	ἀρχαίαιν arkhaíain	ἀρχαίοιν arkhaíoin		ἀρχαίοις arkhaíois	ἀρχαίαις arkhaíais	ἀρχαίοις arkhaíois
Accusative		ἀρχαῖον arkhaîon	ἀρχαίᾱν arkhaíān	ἀρχαῖον arkhaîon		ἀρχαίω arkhaíō	ἀρχαίᾱ arkhaíā	ἀρχαίω arkhaíō		ἀρχαίους arkhaíous	ἀρχαίᾱς arkhaíās	ἀρχαῖᾰ arkhaîă
Vocative		ἀρχαῖε arkhaîe	ἀρχαίᾱ arkhaíā	ἀρχαῖον arkhaîon		ἀρχαίω arkhaíō	ἀρχαίᾱ arkhaíā	ἀρχαίω arkhaíō		ἀρχαῖοι arkhaîoi	ἀρχαῖαι arkhaîai	ἀρχαῖᾰ arkhaîă
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		ἀρχαίως arkhaíōs				ἀρχαιότερος arkhaióteros				ἀρχαιότᾰτος arkhaiótătos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• ἀρχαιολογίᾱ (arkhaiologíā)
• ἀρχαιότης (arkhaiótēs)
• ἀρχαιότροπος (arkhaiótropos)

See also

• γεραιός (geraiós)
• παλαιός (palaiós)

Further reading

• “ἀρχαῖος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἀρχαῖος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ἀρχαῖος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• ἀρχαῖος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
• “ἀρχαῖος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G744 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • ancient idem, page 29.
  • antiquated idem, page 32.
  • antique idem, page 32.
  • by-gone idem, page 107.
  • date idem, page 196.
  • disuse idem, page 243.
  • early idem, page 258.
  • effete idem, page 262.
  • fashion idem, page 308.
  • former idem, page 339.
  • hackneyed idem, page 380.
  • immemorial idem, page 417.
  • obsolete idem, page 567.
  • old idem, page 572.
  • old-fashioned idem, page 572.
  • original idem, page 579.
  • played out idem, page 619.
  • primeval idem, page 641.
  • primitive idem, page 641.
  • primordial idem, page 641.
  • pristine idem, page 642.
  • stale idem, page 809.
  • superannuated idem, page 838.
  • threadbare idem, page 869.
  • trite idem, page 896.
  • unfashionable idem, page 917.