ἀποφώλιος

See also: αποφώλιος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Not related to ὄφελος (óphelos, “use”). According to Beekes, probably connected to ἀπαφεῖν (apapheîn) aorist b of verb ἀπαφίσκω (apaphískō, “I deceive”) (itself probably from Pre-Greek/substrate), in which case the word originally meant "deceiving".

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /a.po.pʰɔ̌ː.li.os/ → /a.poˈɸo.li.os/ → /a.poˈfo.li.os/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /a.po.pʰɔ̌ː.li.os/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /a.poˈpʰo.li.os/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /a.poˈɸo.li.os/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /a.poˈfo.li.os/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /a.poˈfo.li.os/

Adjective

ᾰ̓ποφώλῐος • (ăpophṓlĭos) m or f (neuter ᾰ̓ποφώλῐον); second declension

1. empty, vain, idle, worthless
2. barren
3. monstrous, hybrid in the phrase by Euripides, Fragment 966
   • ξύμμικτον εἶδος κἀποφώλιον τρέφος

     xúmmikton eîdos kapophṓlion tréphos

     a mixed kind and monstrous creature (of the Minotaur)

Inflection

Second declension of ᾰ̓ποφώλῐος; ᾰ̓ποφώλῐον (Attic)

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		ᾰ̓ποφώλῐος ăpophṓlĭos	ᾰ̓ποφώλῐον ăpophṓlĭon		ᾰ̓ποφωλῐ́ω ăpophōlĭ́ō	ᾰ̓ποφωλῐ́ω ăpophōlĭ́ō		ᾰ̓ποφώλῐοι ăpophṓlĭoi	ᾰ̓ποφώλῐᾰ ăpophṓlĭă
Genitive		ᾰ̓ποφωλῐ́ου ăpophōlĭ́ou	ᾰ̓ποφωλῐ́ου ăpophōlĭ́ou		ᾰ̓ποφωλῐ́οιν ăpophōlĭ́oin	ᾰ̓ποφωλῐ́οιν ăpophōlĭ́oin		ᾰ̓ποφωλῐ́ων ăpophōlĭ́ōn	ᾰ̓ποφωλῐ́ων ăpophōlĭ́ōn
Dative		ᾰ̓ποφωλῐ́ῳ ăpophōlĭ́ōi	ᾰ̓ποφωλῐ́ῳ ăpophōlĭ́ōi		ᾰ̓ποφωλῐ́οιν ăpophōlĭ́oin	ᾰ̓ποφωλῐ́οιν ăpophōlĭ́oin		ᾰ̓ποφωλῐ́οις ăpophōlĭ́ois	ᾰ̓ποφωλῐ́οις ăpophōlĭ́ois
Accusative		ᾰ̓ποφώλῐον ăpophṓlĭon	ᾰ̓ποφώλῐον ăpophṓlĭon		ᾰ̓ποφωλῐ́ω ăpophōlĭ́ō	ᾰ̓ποφωλῐ́ω ăpophōlĭ́ō		ᾰ̓ποφωλῐ́ους ăpophōlĭ́ous	ᾰ̓ποφώλῐᾰ ăpophṓlĭă
Vocative		ᾰ̓ποφώλῐε ăpophṓlĭe	ᾰ̓ποφώλῐον ăpophṓlĭon		ᾰ̓ποφωλῐ́ω ăpophōlĭ́ō	ᾰ̓ποφωλῐ́ω ăpophōlĭ́ō		ᾰ̓ποφώλῐοι ăpophṓlĭoi	ᾰ̓ποφώλῐᾰ ăpophṓlĭă
Derived forms		Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
		ᾰ̓ποφωλῐ́ως ăpophōlĭ́ōs			ᾰ̓ποφωλῐώτερος ăpophōlĭṓteros			ᾰ̓ποφωλῐώτᾰτος ăpophōlĭṓtătos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Synonyms

• ἀπόφωλος (apóphōlos) (Koine)

Further reading

• “ἀποφώλιος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• ἀποφώλιος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἀποφώλιος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN