ᛏᚨᛚᚷᛁᛞᚨᛁ

Proto-Norse

Alternative forms

• ᛏᚨᛚᚷᛁᛞᚨ (talgida)

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *talgidē, third-person singular past indicative of Proto-Germanic *talgijaną.

Verb

ᛏᚨᛚᚷᛁᛞᚨᛁ (talgidai) (third-person singular past indicative)

1. [he/she/it] carved
   • 210–240, Nøvling brooch (DK NJy 48):

     ᛒᛁᛞᚨᚹᚨᚱᛁᛃᚨᛉᛏᚨᛚᚷᛁᛞᚨᛁ

     bidawarijaʀtalgidai

     Bidawarjaʀ carved

Usage notes

• Word-final -ᛞᚨᛁ (-dai) may be a case of hypercorrection; although Proto-Germanic *-ai did turn into *-ē in Proto-Norse (cf. dative ending -ᛖ (-e /⁠ē⁠/), from *-ai), the weak third-person past indicative stems from *-dē, not *-dai.

Descendants

• Old Norse: telgja
  • Icelandic: telgja
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: telgja; (dialectal) tægje
  • Norwegian Bokmål: telgje
  • Old Swedish: tælghia
    • Swedish: tälja

Further reading

• Roland Schuhmann, “(Neu‑)Lesungen von Runeninschriften und ihre Folgen für die frühgermanische Grammatik” in Proceedings of the Eighth International Symposium on Runes and Runic Inscriptions Nyköping, Sweden, 2–6 September 2014 (→ISBN, Uppsala 2021), pages 43-53
• Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 26