თოში
Georgian
[edit]
Alternative forms
[edit]- თოშა (toša)
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Georgian-Zan *toš-.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]თოში • (toši) (uncountable)
- slush, floe
- (Khevsureti, botany) leaves of Caucasian rhododendron (for dyeing)
Inflection
[edit]| Declension of თოში (see Georgian declension) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | archaic plural | |
| nominative | თოში (toši) | ||
| ergative | თოშმა (tošma) | ||
| dative | თოშს(ა) (tošs(a)) | ||
| genitive | თოშის(ა) (tošis(a)) | ||
| instrumental | თოშით(ა) (tošit(a)) | ||
| adverbial | თოშად(ა) (tošad(a)) | ||
| vocative | თოშო (tošo) | ||
| Notes: archaic plurals might not exist. | |||
| Postpositional inflection of თოში (see Georgian postpositions) | ||
|---|---|---|
| postpositions taking the dative case | singular | plural |
| -ზე (-ze, “on”) | თოშზე (tošze) | |
| -თან (-tan, “near”) | თოშთან (toštan) | |
| -ში (-ši, “in”) | თოშში (tošši) | |
| -ვით (-vit, “like”) | თოშივით (tošivit) | |
| postpositions taking the genitive case | singular | plural |
| -თვის (-tvis, “for”) | თოშისთვის (tošistvis) | |
| -ებრ (-ebr, “like”) | თოშისებრ (tošisebr) | |
| -კენ (-ḳen, “towards”) | თოშისკენ (tošisḳen) | |
| -გან (-gan, “from/of”) | თოშისგან (tošisgan) | |
| -ადმი (-admi, “in relation to”) | თოშისადმი (tošisadmi) | |
| postpositions taking the instrumental case | singular | plural |
| -დან (-dan, “from/since”) | თოშიდან (tošidan) | |
| -ურთ (-urt, “together with”) | თოშითურთ (tošiturt) | |
| postpositions taking the adverbial case | singular | plural |
| -მდე (-mde, “up to”) | თოშამდე (tošamde) | |
Descendants
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973) “թոշ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, page 197a
- Čikobava, Arnold et al., editors (1950–1964), “თოში”, in Kartuli enis ganmarṭebiti leksiḳoni [Explanatory Dictionary of the Georgian language] (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Academy Press
- Ɣlonṭi, Aleksandre (1974) “თოში”, in Kartul ḳilo-tkmata siṭq̇vis ḳona [Dictionary of dialectal Georgian words][1] (in Georgian), volume I, Tbilisi: Academy Press, page 251