თოფური

Laz

Alternative forms

• თორფი (torpi) — Jigetore
• თოფრ (topr) — Vizha
• თოფრი (topri) — Vizha, Artasheni, Vitse
• თოფუი (topui), თოფუჲი (topuyi) — alternative spellings

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Kartvelian *tapl- (“honey”).

Noun

თოფური • (topuri) (Latin spelling topuri) (Arkabi, Khopa–Batumi, Chkhala)

1. honey

   მთუთიქ კარვანეფეს თოფური იხირამს

   mtutik ǩarvanepes topuri ixirams

   Bear steals honey from honeycombs

Declension

Declension of თოფური (topuri) (see Laz declension)

	singular	plural
absolutive	თოფური (topuri)	თოფურეფე (topurepe)
ergative	თოფურიქ (topurik)	თოფურეფექ (topurepek)
dative	თოფურის (topuris)	თოფურეფეს (topurepes)
genitive	თოფურიშ(ი) (topuriş(i))	თოფურეფეშ(ი) (topurepeş(i))
directive	თოფურიშე (topurişe)	თოფურეფეშე (topurepeşe)
ablative	თოფურიშენ (topurişen)	თოფურეფეშენ (topurepeşen)
locative	თოფურის (topuris)	თოფურეფეს (topurepes)
instrumental	თოფურითენ (topuriten)	თოფურეფეთენ (topurepeten)

Notes: dialects may differ on declension.

References

• Adjarian, H. (1898) “Topri (B.), Topuri (Bt. Tr.)”, in “Étude sur la langue laze”, in Mémoires de la Société de Linguistique de Paris (in French), volume X, page 392
• Klaproth, Julius (1823) Asia polyglotta, Paris: A. Schubart, page 123: “Topuri”
• Kojima, Gôichi (2012–) “topuri/ topuyi”, in Temel Lazca-Türkçe Sözlük Taslağı‎^[1] (in Turkish)
• Marr, N. (1910) “თოფური”, in Грамматика чанского (лазского) языка с хрестоматией и словарем [Grammar of the Chan (Laz) Language with a Reader and a Dictionary] (Материалы по яфетическому языкознанию; 2) (in Russian), Saint Petersburg: Academy Press, page 147b
• Tandilava, Ali (2013) “თოფური”, in Merab Čuxua, Natela Kutelia, Lile Tandilava, Lali Ezugbaia, editors, Lazuri leksiḳoni [Laz Dictionary]‎^[2], online version prepared by Levan Vašaḳiʒe, Tbilisi

Mingrelian

Etymology

From Proto-Kartvelian *tapl-.

Noun

თოფური • (topuri) (uncountable)

1. honey

Further reading

• Kajaia, Otar (2005) “თოფური”, in Megrul-kartuli leksiḳoni [Mingrelian–Georgian Dictionary], online version prepared by Joost Gippert, Frankfurt am Main, published 2001–2004, page 611
• Kipšidze, Iosif (1914) “თოფური”, in Грамматика мингрельского (иверского) языка с хрестоматией и словарем [Grammar of the Mingrelian (Iverian) Language with a Reader and a Dictionary] (Материалы по яфетическому языкознанию; 7)‎^[3] (in Russian), Saint Petersburg: Academy Press, page 244a
• Kiria, Č̣abuḳi, Ezugbaia, Lali, Memišiši, Omar, Čuxua, Merab (2015) Lazur-megruli gramaṭiḳa [Laz–Mingrelian Grammar] (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Gamomcemloba Meridiani, page 795
• Kobalia, Alio (2010) “თოფური”, in Merab Čuxua, Nona Kobalia, Nana Kobalia, editors, Megruli leksiḳoni [Mingrelian Dictionary] (Ḳolxuri seria; 7)‎^[4], online version prepared by Manana Buḳia, Tbilisi: Artanuji, →ISBN
• Pipia, Daniel (2008) “თოფური”, in Tamaz Pipia, Givi Boǯgua, editors, Megruli saleksiḳono masalebi [Megrelian dictionary materials] (Ḳolxuri seria; 3)‎^[5], online version prepared by Manana Buḳia, Tbilisi: Artanuji, →ISBN