ဒး

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Mon

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Etymology

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From Middle Mon daḥ “to touch, to be or come into contact with, to be exposed to, to be fitting, right, to befall, etc.” from Old Mon [script needed] (daḥ, “to touch, to be contiguous with”).[1] Cognate to Nyah Kur [script needed] (tàh) and [script needed] (thàh, “to hit, to touch (both transitive and intransitive), to undergo (an undesirable action), to reach (as postverb), correctly”), Khmer ទះ (tĕəh, “to slap”), Stieng dăh “to hit”.[1]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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ဒး (daḥ)

  1. correct.

Verb

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ဒး (daḥ)

  1. to hit[5][3]
    Synonym: တက် (tak)
  2. to come in contact with[5]
  3. to touch[6][4][1][7]
    Synonyms: ([1]) ရပ် (rap), ([1]) တက် (tak)
  4. to meet, to encounter[2][4]
  5. (to be) correct, (to be) apposite, (to be) right[2][6][4][1]
    Synonym: ဒးရး (daḥ raḥ)
  6. to coincide with law(s)[4]
  7. to reach (goal)[2][1]
    Synonym: (Pak Kret District) ကၠိုဟ် (kləh)
  8. to fit,[2] to be fitting
  9. to fall in (with one another)[4]
  10. (intransitive) to bump[4][7]
  11. to be exposed to (wind, rain, high temperature, etc.)[6][4][7]
  12. to undergo (unpleasant experience such as illness),[4] to suffer
    ဒးချာံ ― daḥ khyāṁ ― to catch cold
  13. (auxiliary verb, adversative) to get[6][4][1][7]
  14. to hurt oneself unintentionally[4]
  15. to get into (trap)[4]
  16. to violate, to break (an oath)[4]
  17. (to be) cheap[4][1]
  18. to hurt mentally[4]
  19. (auxiliary verb) placed before full verb for implying necessity;[5] must, should
    ဒးအာရောၚ် ― daḥ ʼā roṅ ― must go[5]
  20. (auxiliary verb, passive voice) to be[4][1][7]
    ဒးဂစိုတ် ― daḥ gacət ― to be killed
  21. (auxiliary verb) used for denoting certainty; must[4]

Usage notes

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  • (to touch): This verb cannot be used freely as a full verb in imperative and prohibitive constructions.[1]
    လ္ပကဵုဒး ― lpa kəw daḥ /paʔ kɒ tɛ̤h/ ― do not touch it (literally, “do not let [it] touch[1]”)

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 Jenny, Mathias (2005) The verb system of Mon, University of Zurich, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 231–2
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Shorto, H.L. (1962) A Dictionary of Modern Spoken Mon‎[1], London: Oxford University Press. Searchable online at SEAlang.net.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Jenny, Mathias (2015) “Modern Mon”, in Mathias Jenny and Paul Sidwell, editors, The Handbook of Austroasian Languages‎[2], volume 1, Leiden and Boston: Brill, →DOI, →ISBN, page 569 of 553–600
  4. ↑ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15 4.16 4.17 4.18 Sakamoto, Yasuyuki (1994) “ဒး; ဒးဗစပ်; ဒးကၟိက်”, in Mon - Japanese Dictionary‎[3] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Institute for the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa, Tokyo University of Foreign Studies, pages 454, 458, 459
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Haswell, J. M. (1874) Grammatical Notes and Vocabulary of the Peguan Language‎[4], Rangoon: American Mission Press, page 79
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 อนุสรณ์ สถานนท์, ร้อยตรี [Anusorn Sathanon, Sub-Lt.] (1984) “ဒး; ဒးဖစပ်”, in พจนานุกรม มอญ-ไทย [Mon-Thai Dictionary], page 92; Thai translation of Halliday, R. (1922) A Mon-English Dictionary, Bangkok: Siam Society (2nd ed.: Rangoon: Mon Cultural Section, Ministry of Union Culture, Govt. of the Union of Burma, 1955).
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 จำปี ซื่อสัตย์ [Champi Suesat] (2007[2008]) “โดน; ต้อง; ต้องการ; ถูก”, in พจนานุกรมไทย-มอญ สำเนียงมอญลพบุรี [Thai-Mon (Lopburi Dialect) Dictionary] (in Thai), ปทุมธานี [Pathum Thani]: วัดจันทน์กะพ้อ [Chan Kapho Temple], pages 72, 78, 94
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