सुँघ्नु

Nepali

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [sũɡ̞nu]
• Phonetic Devanagari: सुुँग्नु
• IPA^(key): [suŋnu]
• Phonetic Devanagari: सुङ्नु

Verb

सुँघ्नु • (sũghnu) (transitive)

1. to sniff, smell

Conjugation

Conjugation of सुँघ्नु [sũɡʱnu]

Information
Stem			सुँघ्- [sũɡʱ-]
Conjugation type			1st conjugation: consonant-ending stem, regular.
Derivatives
I-stem (Passive)			सुँघिनु [sũɡʱinu]
A-stem (Causative/Denominative)			सुँघाउनु [sũɡʱäu̯nu]
Non-finite forms
Infinitives			सुँघ्नु [sũɡʱnu] सुँघ्न‍ [sũɡʱnʌ]
Participles			Affirmative (+)	Negative (–)
	Conjunctive		सुँघेर [sũɡʱeɾʌ] सुँघी [sũɡʱi] सुँघीकन‍ [sũɡʱikʌnʌ]	नसुँघेर‍ [nʌ ͜ sũɡʱeɾʌ] नसुँघी [nʌ ͜ sũɡʱi] नसुँघीकन‍ [nʌ ͜ sũɡʱikʌnʌ]
	1st Perfect	m. sing.	सुँघेको [sũɡʱeko]	नसुँघेको [nʌ ͜ sũɡʱeko]
		f. sing.	सुँघेकी [sũɡʱeki]	नसुँघेकी [nʌ ͜ sũɡʱeki]
		pl.	सुँघेका [sũɡʱekä]	नसुँघेका [nʌ ͜ sũɡʱekä]
		high-resp.	सुँघ्नुभएको [sũɡʱnu ͜ bʱʌeko]	नसुँघ्नुभएको [nʌ ͜ sũɡʱnu ͜ bʱʌeko]
	2nd Perfect	normal	सुँघे [sũɡʱe]	नसुँघे [nʌ ͜ sũɡʱe]
		high-resp.	सुँघ्नुभए [sũɡʱnu ͜ bʱʌe]	नसुँघ्नुभए [nʌ ͜ sũɡʱnu ͜ bʱʌe]
	Imperfect	normal	सुँघ्दा [sũɡʱ̚d̪ä] सुँघ्दै [sũɡʱ̚d̪ʌi̯] सुँघ्दो [sũɡʱ̚d̪o]	नसुँघ्दा [nʌ ͜ sũɡʱ̚d̪ä] नसुँघ्दै [nʌ ͜ sũɡʱ̚d̪ʌi̯] नसुँघ्दो [nʌ ͜ sũɡʱ̚d̪o]
		high-resp.	सुँघ्नुहुँदा [sũɡʱnuɦũd̪ä] सुँघ्नुहुँदै [sũɡʱnuɦũd̪ʌi̯] सुँघ्नुहुँदो [sũɡʱnuɦũd̪o]	नसुँघ्नुहुँदा [nʌ ͜ sũɡʱnuɦũd̪ä] नसुँघ्नुहुँदै [nʌ ͜ sũɡʱnuɦũd̪ʌi̯] नसुँघ्नुहुँदो [nʌ ͜ sũɡʱnuɦũd̪o]
	Infinitival	normal	सुँघ्ने [sũɡʱne]	नसुँघ्ने [nʌ ͜ sũɡʱne]
		high-resp.	सुँघ्नुहुने [sũɡʱnuɦune]	नसुँघ्नुहुने [nʌ ͜ sũɡʱnuɦune]
	Absolutive		सुँघि [sũɡʱi]

Finite forms of सुँघ्नु [sũɡʱnu]
Person			1st				2nd				3rd				2nd & 3rd
Pronoun			म SING.		हामी PL.		तँ LOW-RESP. SING.		तिमी MID-RESP.		ऊ LOW-RESP. SING.		उनी MID-RESP.		तपाईं / ऊहाँ HIGH-RESP.
			m	f	m	f	m	f	m	f	m	f	m	f
Present		+	सुँघ्छु [sũɡʱ̚t͡sʰu]		सुँघ्छौं [sũɡʱ̚t͡sʰʌ̃ũ̯]		सुँघ्छस् [sũɡʱ̚t͡sʰʌs]	सुँघ्छेस् [sũɡʱ̚t͡sʰes]	सुँघ्छौ [sũɡʱ̚t͡sʰʌu̯]	सुँघ्छ्यौ [sũɡʱ̚t͡sʰeu̯]	सुँघ्छ [sũɡʱ̚t͡sʰʌʌ]	सुँघ्छे [sũɡʱ̚t͡sʰe]	सुँघ्छन् [sũɡʱ̚t͡sʰʌn]	सुँघ्छिन् [sũɡʱ̚t͡sʰin]	सुँघ्नुहुन्छ [sũɡʱnuɦunt͡sʰʌ]
		–	सुँघ्दिनँ [sũɡʱ̚d̪inʌ̃]		सुँघ्दैनौं [sũɡʱ̚d̪ʌi̯nʌ̃ũ̯]		सुँघ्दैनस् [sũɡʱ̚d̪ʌi̯nʌs]	सुँघ्दिनेस् [sũɡʱ̚d̪ines]	सुँघ्दैनौ [sũɡʱ̚d̪ʌi̯nʌu̯]	सुँघ्दिनौ [sũɡʱ̚d̪inʌu̯]	सुँघ्दैन [sũɡʱ̚d̪ʌi̯nʌ]	सुँघ्दिने [sũɡʱ̚d̪ine]	सुँघ्दैनन् [sũɡʱ̚d̪ʌi̯nʌn]	सुँघ्दिनन् [sũɡʱ̚d̪inʌn]	सुँघ्नुहुँदैन [sũɡʱnuɦũd̪ʌi̯nʌ]
Past	Simple	+	सुँघें [sũɡʱẽ]		सुँघ्यौं [sũɡʱẽũ̯]		सुँघिस् [sũɡʱis]		सुँघ्यौ [sũɡʱeu̯]		सुँघ्यो [sũɡʱjo]	सुँघी [sũɡʱi]	सुँघे [sũɡʱe]	सुँघिन् [sũɡʱin]	सुँघ्नुभयो [sũɡʱnu ͜ bʱʌjo]
		–	सुँघिनँ [sũɡʱinʌ̃]		सुँघेनौं [sũɡʱenʌ̃ũ̯]		सुँघेनस् [sũɡʱenʌs]	सुँघिनेस् [sũɡʱines]	सुँघेनौ [sũɡʱenʌu̯]		सुँघेन [sũɡʱenʌ]	सुँघिने [sũɡʱine]	सुँघेनन् [sũɡʱenʌn]	सुँघिनन् [sũɡʱinʌn]	सुँघ्नुभएन [sũɡʱnu ͜ bʱʌenʌ]
	Habitual	+	सुँघ्थें [sũɡʱ̚t̪ʰẽ]		सुँघ्थ्यौं [sũɡʱ̚t̪ʰẽũ̯]		सुँघ्थिस् [sũɡʱ̚t̪ʰis]		सुँघ्थ्यौ [sũɡʱ̚t̪ʰeu̯]		सुँघ्थ्यो [sũɡʱ̚t̪ʰjo]	सुँघ्थी [sũɡʱ̚t̪ʰi]	सुँघ्थे [sũɡʱ̚t̪ʰe]	सुँघ्थिन् [sũɡʱ̚t̪ʰin]	सुँघ्नुहुन्थ्यो [sũɡʱnuɦun̪t̪ʰjo]
		–	सुँघ्दिनथें [sũɡʱ̚d̪inʌt̪ʰẽ]		सुँघ्दैनथ्यौं [sũɡʱ̚d̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰẽũ̯]		सुँघ्दैनथिस् [sũɡʱ̚d̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰis]	सुँघ्दिनथिस् [sũɡʱ̚d̪inʌt̪ʰis]	सुँघ्दैनथ्यौ [sũɡʱ̚d̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰeu̯]	सुँघ्दिनथ्यौ [sũɡʱ̚d̪inʌt̪ʰeu̯]	सुँघ्दैनथ्यो [sũɡʱ̚d̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰjo]	सुँघ्दैनथी [sũɡʱ̚d̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰi]	सुँघ्दैनथे [sũɡʱ̚d̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰe]	सुँघ्दिनथिन् [sũɡʱ̚d̪inʌt̪ʰin]	सुँघ्नुहुँदैनथ्यो [sũɡʱnuɦũd̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰjo]
	Unknown	+	सुँघेछु [sũɡʱet͡sʰu]	सुँघिछु [sũɡʱit͡sʰu]	सुँघेछौं [sũɡʱet͡sʰʌ̃ũ̯]		सुँघेछस् [sũɡʱet͡sʰʌs]	सुँघिछेस् [sũɡʱit͡sʰes]	सुँघेछौ [sũɡʱet͡sʰʌu̯]		सुँघेछ [sũɡʱet͡sʰʌ]	सुँघिछे [sũɡʱit͡sʰe]	सुँघेछन् [sũɡʱet͡sʰʌn]	सुँघिछिन् [sũɡʱit͡sʰin]	सुँघ्नुभएछ [sũɡʱnu ͜ bʱʌet͡sʰʌ]
		–	सुँघेनछु [sũɡʱenʌt͡sʰu]	सुँघिनछु [sũɡʱinʌt͡sʰu]	सुँघेनछौं [sũɡʱenʌt͡sʰʌ̃ũ̯]		सुँघेनछस् [sũɡʱenʌt͡sʰʌs]	सुँघिनछेस् [sũɡʱinʌt͡sʰes]	सुँघेनछौ [sũɡʱenʌt͡sʰʌu̯]		सुँघेनछ [sũɡʱenʌt͡sʰʌ]	सुँघिनछे [sũɡʱinʌt͡sʰe]	सुँघेनछन् [sũɡʱenʌt͡sʰʌn]	सुँघिनछिन् [sũɡʱinʌt͡sʰin]	सुँघ्नुभएनछ [sũɡʱnu ͜ bʱʌenʌt͡sʰʌ]
Future	Definite	+	सुँघ्नेछु [sũɡʱnet͡sʰu]		सुँघ्नेछौं [sũɡʱnet͡sʰʌ̃ũ̯]		सुँघ्नेछस् [sũɡʱnet͡sʰʌs]	सुँघ्नेछेस् [sũɡʱnet͡sʰes]	सुँघ्नेछौ [sũɡʱnet͡sʰʌu̯]	सुँघ्नेछ्यौ [sũɡʱnet͡sʰeu̯]	सुँघ्नेछ [sũɡʱnet͡sʰʌ]	सुँघ्नेछे [sũɡʱnet͡sʰe]	सुँघ्नेछन् [sũɡʱnet͡sʰʌn]	सुँघ्नेछिन् [sũɡʱnet͡sʰin]	सुँघ्नुहुनेछ [sũɡʱnuɦunet͡sʰʌ]
		–	सुँघ्नेछैनँ [sũɡʱnet͡sʰʌi̯nʌ̃]		सुँघ्नेछैनौं [sũɡʱnet͡sʰʌi̯nʌ̃ũ̯]		सुँघ्नेछैनस् [sũɡʱnet͡sʰʌi̯nʌs]	सुँघ्नेछैनेस् [sũɡʱnet͡sʰʌi̯nes]	सुँघ्नेछैनौ [sũɡʱnet͡sʰʌi̯nʌu̯]		सुँघ्नेछैन [sũɡʱnet͡sʰʌi̯nʌ]		सुँघ्नेछैनन् [sũɡʱnet͡sʰʌi̯nʌn]		सुँघ्नुहुनेछैन [sũɡʱnuɦunet͡sʰʌi̯nʌ]
	Indefinite	+	सुँघुँला [sũɡʱũlä]	सुँघुँली [sũɡʱũli]	सुँघौंला [sũɡʱʌ̃ũ̯lä]		सुँघ्लास् [sũɡʱläs]	सुँघ्लिस् [sũɡʱlis]	सुँघौला, सुँघ्लाउ [sũɡʱʌu̯lä, sũɡʱläu̯]	सुँघौली, सुँघ्लेउ [sũɡʱʌu̯li, sũɡʱleu̯]	सुँघ्ला [sũɡʱlä]	सुँघ्ली [sũɡʱli]	सुँघ्लान्, सुँघ्नन् [sũɡʱlän, sũɡʱnʌn]	सुँघ्लिन्, सुँघ्निन् [sũɡʱlin, sũɡʱnin]	सुँघ्नुहोला [sũɡʱnuɦolä]
		–	सुँघोइनँ [sũɡʱoi̯nʌ̃]		सुँघोइनौं [sũɡʱoi̯nʌ̃ũ̯]		सुँघोइनस् [sũɡʱoi̯nʌs]		सुँघोइनौ [sũɡʱoi̯nʌu̯]		सुँघोइन [sũɡʱoi̯nʌ]		सुँघोइनन् [sũɡʱoi̯nʌn]		सुँघ्नुहोओइन [sũɡʱnuɦooi̯nʌ]
			नसुँघुँला [nʌ ͜ sũɡʱũlä]	नसुँघुँली [nʌ ͜ sũɡʱũli]	नसुँघौंला [nʌ ͜ sũɡʱʌ̃ũ̯lä]		नसुँघ्लास् [nʌ ͜ sũɡʱläs]	नसुँघ्लिस् [nʌ ͜ sũɡʱlis]	नसुँघौला, नसुँघ्लाउ [nʌ ͜ sũɡʱʌu̯lä, nʌ ͜ sũɡʱläu̯]	नसुँघौली, नसुँघ्लेउ [nʌ ͜ sũɡʱʌu̯li, nʌ ͜ sũɡʱleu̯]	नसुँघ्ला [nʌ ͜ sũɡʱlä]	नसुँघ्ली [nʌ ͜ sũɡʱli]	नसुँघ्लान्, नसुँघ्नन् [nʌ ͜ sũɡʱlän, nʌ ͜ sũɡʱnʌn]	नसुँघ्लिन्, नसुँघ्निन् [nʌ ͜ sũɡʱlin, nʌ ͜ sũɡʱnin]	नसुँघ्नुहोला [nʌ ͜ sũɡʱnuɦolä]
Injunctive		+	सुँघूँ [sũɡʱũ]		सुँघौं, सुँघूँ [sũɡʱʌ̃ũ̯, sũɡʱũ]		सुँघ्, सुँघेस्, सुँघे [sũɡʱ, sũɡʱes, sũɡʱe]		सुँघ, सुँघे [sũɡʱʌ, sũɡʱe]		सुँघोस् [sũɡʱos]		सुँघून् [sũɡʱun]		सुँघ्नुहोओस् [sũɡʱnuɦoos]
		–	नसुँघूँ [nʌ ͜ sũɡʱũ]		नसुँघौं, नसुँघूँ [nʌ ͜ sũɡʱʌ̃ũ̯, nʌ ͜ sũɡʱũ]		नसुँघ्, नसुँघेस्, नसुँघे [nʌ ͜ sũɡʱ, nʌ ͜ sũɡʱes, nʌ ͜ sũɡʱe]		नसुँघ, नसुँघे [nʌ ͜ sũɡʱʌ, nʌ ͜ sũɡʱe]		नसुँघोस् [nʌ ͜ sũɡʱos]		नसुँघून् [nʌ ͜ sũɡʱun]		नसुँघ्नुहोओस् [nʌ ͜ sũɡʱnuɦoos]
Imperative		+	—		—		सुँघ् [sũɡʱ]		सुँघ [sũɡʱʌ]		—		—		सुँघ्नुहोस्, सुँघ्नोस् [sũɡʱnuɦos, sũɡʱnos]
		–	—		—		नसुँघ् [nʌ ͜ sũɡʱ]		नसुँघ [nʌ ͜ sũɡʱʌ]		—		—		नसुँघ्नुहोस्, नसुँघ्नोस् [nʌsũɡʱnuɦos, nʌsũɡʱnos]

References

• “सुँघ्नु”, in नेपाली बृहत् शब्दकोश (nepālī br̥hat śabdakoś) [Comprehensive Nepali Dictionary]‎^[1], Kathmandu: Nepal Academy, 2018
• Schmidt, Ruth L. (1993) “सुँघ्नु”, in A Practical Dictionary of Modern Nepali, Ratna Sagar