सरल

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit सरल (sarala).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /sə.ɾəl/, [sɐ.ɾɐl]

Adjective

सरल • (saral) (indeclinable, Urdu spelling سرل)

1. easy

   Synonyms: आसान (āsān), सुगम (sugam), सहज (sahaj)

   Antonyms: कठिन (kaṭhin), मुश्किल (muśkil), दुर्गम (durgam)

2. simple, straightforward

   हिंदी भाषा का व्याकरण सरल है।

   hindī bhāṣā kā vyākraṇ saral hai.

   The grammar of Hindi is simple.

3. straight

   Synonym: सीधा (sīdhā)

   रेत में उसने एक सरल रेखा बनाई।

   ret mẽ usne ek saral rekhā banāī.

   He made a straight line in the sand.

Derived terms

• सरल ब्याज (saral byāj, “simple interest”)
• सरल संगीत (saral saṅgīt, “light music”)
• सरल-चित (saral-cit, “simple-minded”)
• सरल-हृदय (saral-hŕday, “simple-hearted”)
• सरलीकरण (sarlīkaraṇ, “simplification”)
• सरलीकृत (sarlīkŕt, “simplified”)

Related terms

• सरलता (saraltā)
• सरलतापूर्वक (saraltāpūrvak)
• सरलत्व (sarlatva)
• सरला f (sarlā) (rare)
• सारल्य (sāralya)

References

• Bahri, Hardev (1989) “सरल”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “सरल”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
• Platts, John T. (1884) “सरल”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.

Sanskrit

Etymology

Probably from सृ (sṛ, “to run, go towards”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /sɐ.ɾɐ.lɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /s̪ɐ.ɾɐ.l̪ɐ/

Adjective

सरल • (sarala) stem

1. running on, straight (not crooked)
2. outstretched
3. right, correct
4. upright, sincere, candid, honest, artless, simple
5. real (not "sham")
6. Synonym of विगीत (vigīta) L.

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of सरल

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	सरलः (saralaḥ)	सरलौ (saralau) सरला¹ (saralā¹)	सरलाः (saralāḥ) सरलासः¹ (saralāsaḥ¹)
vocative	सरल (sarala)	सरलौ (saralau) सरला¹ (saralā¹)	सरलाः (saralāḥ) सरलासः¹ (saralāsaḥ¹)
accusative	सरलम् (saralam)	सरलौ (saralau) सरला¹ (saralā¹)	सरलान् (saralān)
instrumental	सरलेन (saralena)	सरलाभ्याम् (saralābhyām)	सरलैः (saralaiḥ) सरलेभिः¹ (saralebhiḥ¹)
dative	सरलाय (saralāya)	सरलाभ्याम् (saralābhyām)	सरलेभ्यः (saralebhyaḥ)
ablative	सरलात् (saralāt)	सरलाभ्याम् (saralābhyām)	सरलेभ्यः (saralebhyaḥ)
genitive	सरलस्य (saralasya)	सरलयोः (saralayoḥ)	सरलानाम् (saralānām)
locative	सरले (sarale)	सरलयोः (saralayoḥ)	सरलेषु (saraleṣu)

• ¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of सरला

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	सरला (saralā)	सरले (sarale)	सरलाः (saralāḥ)
vocative	सरले (sarale)	सरले (sarale)	सरलाः (saralāḥ)
accusative	सरलाम् (saralām)	सरले (sarale)	सरलाः (saralāḥ)
instrumental	सरलया (saralayā) सरला¹ (saralā¹)	सरलाभ्याम् (saralābhyām)	सरलाभिः (saralābhiḥ)
dative	सरलायै (saralāyai)	सरलाभ्याम् (saralābhyām)	सरलाभ्यः (saralābhyaḥ)
ablative	सरलायाः (saralāyāḥ) सरलायै² (saralāyai²)	सरलाभ्याम् (saralābhyām)	सरलाभ्यः (saralābhyaḥ)
genitive	सरलायाः (saralāyāḥ) सरलायै² (saralāyai²)	सरलयोः (saralayoḥ)	सरलानाम् (saralānām)
locative	सरलायाम् (saralāyām)	सरलयोः (saralayoḥ)	सरलासु (saralāsu)

• ¹Vedic
• ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of सरल

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	सरलम् (saralam)	सरले (sarale)	सरलानि (saralāni) सरला¹ (saralā¹)
vocative	सरल (sarala)	सरले (sarale)	सरलानि (saralāni) सरला¹ (saralā¹)
accusative	सरलम् (saralam)	सरले (sarale)	सरलानि (saralāni) सरला¹ (saralā¹)
instrumental	सरलेन (saralena)	सरलाभ्याम् (saralābhyām)	सरलैः (saralaiḥ) सरलेभिः¹ (saralebhiḥ¹)
dative	सरलाय (saralāya)	सरलाभ्याम् (saralābhyām)	सरलेभ्यः (saralebhyaḥ)
ablative	सरलात् (saralāt)	सरलाभ्याम् (saralābhyām)	सरलेभ्यः (saralebhyaḥ)
genitive	सरलस्य (saralasya)	सरलयोः (saralayoḥ)	सरलानाम् (saralānām)
locative	सरले (sarale)	सरलयोः (saralayoḥ)	सरलेषु (saraleṣu)

• ¹Vedic

Noun

सरल • (sarala) stem, m

1. a species of pine tree, Pinus roxburghii
2. a kind of bird, the grey peacock-pheasant (Pavo bicalcaratus L., now Polyplectron bicalcaratum)
3. fire
4. a Buddha
5. turpeth (Operculina turpethum L.)
6. name of a river

Noun

सरल • (sarala) stem, n

1. resin of the pine
2. a particular high number

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “सरल”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1182, column 2.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 506
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1976) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎^[2] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 443