सगर

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

সগৰ (Assamese script)
ᬲᬕᬭ (Balinese script)
সগর (Bengali script)
𑰭𑰐𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀲𑀕𑀭 (Brahmi script)
သဂရ (Burmese script)
સગર (Gujarati script)
ਸਗਰ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌸𑌗𑌰 (Grantha script)
ꦱꦒꦫ (Javanese script)
𑂮𑂏𑂩 (Kaithi script)
ಸಗರ (Kannada script)
សគរ (Khmer script)
ສຄຣ (Lao script)
സഗര (Malayalam script)
ᠰᠠᡤᠠᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘭𑘐𑘨 (Modi script)
ᠰᠠᠺᠠᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
𑧍𑦰𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
𑐳𑐐𑐬 (Newa script)
ସଗର (Odia script)
ꢱꢔꢬ (Saurashtra script)
𑆱𑆓𑆫 (Sharada script)
𑖭𑖐𑖨 (Siddham script)
සගර (Sinhalese script)
𑪁𑩞𑩼 (Soyombo script)
𑚨𑚌𑚤 (Takri script)
ஸக³ர (Tamil script)
సగర (Telugu script)
สคร (Thai script)
ས་ག་ར (Tibetan script)
𑒮𑒑𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
𑨰𑨍𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /sɐ.ɡɐ.ɾɐ/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /s̪ɐ.ɡɐ.ɾɐ/

Etymology 1

Of uncertain origin.

Probably a compound word. Its first component is most likely स- (sa-, conjunction prefix); compare the usage of the related सम्- (sam-, “together”) in समुद्र (samudra, “sea”).

The second component has a more ambiguous interpretation. Various theories have been proposed:

From गॄ (gṝ, “to devour”), whence गर (gara, “swallowing; a beverage”).
From the same root that जल (jala, “water”) comes from, perhaps गल् (gal, “to drip”).
Related to Ancient Greek ᾰ̓γορᾱ́ (ăgorā́, “assembly”). See also नगर (nagara).
Less likely, from गॄ (gṝ, “to invoke, call; welcome, pronounce”), with the interpretation of the full word as "accompanied by praise".

Noun

सगर • (sagara) stem, m

(rare) ocean

Usage notes

Rare in practice. Its vṛddhi derivative, सागर (sāgara), is used much more frequently instead.

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of सगर
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	सगरः (sagaraḥ)	सगरौ (sagarau) सगरा¹ (sagarā¹)	सगराः (sagarāḥ) सगरासः¹ (sagarāsaḥ¹)
vocative	सगर (sagara)	सगरौ (sagarau) सगरा¹ (sagarā¹)	सगराः (sagarāḥ) सगरासः¹ (sagarāsaḥ¹)
accusative	सगरम् (sagaram)	सगरौ (sagarau) सगरा¹ (sagarā¹)	सगरान् (sagarān)
instrumental	सगरेण (sagareṇa)	सगराभ्याम् (sagarābhyām)	सगरैः (sagaraiḥ) सगरेभिः¹ (sagarebhiḥ¹)
dative	सगराय (sagarāya)	सगराभ्याम् (sagarābhyām)	सगरेभ्यः (sagarebhyaḥ)
ablative	सगरात् (sagarāt)	सगराभ्याम् (sagarābhyām)	सगरेभ्यः (sagarebhyaḥ)
genitive	सगरस्य (sagarasya)	सगरयोः (sagarayoḥ)	सगराणाम् (sagarāṇām)
locative	सगरे (sagare)	सगरयोः (sagarayoḥ)	सगरेषु (sagareṣu)

¹Vedic

Etymology 2

Compound of स- (sa-, “with”) +‎ गर (gará, “poison”).

Proper noun

सगर • (sagara) stem, m

(Hinduism) Sagara, a king of Ayodhya, and the father of Asamanjasa.

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of सगर
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	सगरः (sagaraḥ)	सगरौ (sagarau)	सगराः (sagarāḥ)
vocative	सगर (sagara)	सगरौ (sagarau)	सगराः (sagarāḥ)
accusative	सगरम् (sagaram)	सगरौ (sagarau)	सगरान् (sagarān)
instrumental	सगरेण (sagareṇa)	सगराभ्याम् (sagarābhyām)	सगरैः (sagaraiḥ)
dative	सगराय (sagarāya)	सगराभ्याम् (sagarābhyām)	सगरेभ्यः (sagarebhyaḥ)
ablative	सगरात् (sagarāt)	सगराभ्याम् (sagarābhyām)	सगरेभ्यः (sagarebhyaḥ)
genitive	सगरस्य (sagarasya)	सगरयोः (sagarayoḥ)	सगराणाम् (sagarāṇām)
locative	सगरे (sagare)	सगरयोः (sagarayoḥ)	सगरेषु (sagareṣu)

References

Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 685
Mayrhofer, Manfred (1976) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎^[2] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 414