श्वश्रू

See also: श्वशुर

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• শ্বশ্ৰূ (Assamese script)
• ᬰ᭄ᬯᬰ᭄ᬭᬹ (Balinese script)
• শ্বশ্রূ (Bengali script)
• 𑰫𑰿𑰪𑰫𑰿𑰨𑰳 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀰𑁆𑀯𑀰𑁆𑀭𑀽 (Brahmi script)
• ၐွၐြူ (Burmese script)
• શ્વશ્રૂ (Gujarati script)
• ਸ਼੍ਵਸ਼੍ਰੂ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌶𑍍𑌵𑌶𑍍𑌰𑍂 (Grantha script)
• ꦯ꧀ꦮꦯꦿꦹ (Javanese script)
• 𑂬𑂹𑂫𑂬𑂹𑂩𑂴 (Kaithi script)
• ಶ್ವಶ್ರೂ (Kannada script)
• ឝ្វឝ្រូ (Khmer script)
• ຨ຺ວຨ຺ຣູ (Lao script)
• ശ്വശ്രൂ (Malayalam script)
• ᡧᠣᠸᠠᡧᡵᡠᡠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘫𑘿𑘪𑘫𑘿𑘨𑘴 (Modi script)
• ᠱᢦᠱᠷᠤᠤ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧋𑧠𑧊𑧋𑧠𑧈𑧕 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐱𑑂𑐰𑐱𑑂𑐬𑐹 (Newa script)
• ଶ୍ଵଶ୍ରୂ (Odia script)
• ꢯ꣄ꢮꢯ꣄ꢬꢹ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆯𑇀𑆮𑆯𑇀𑆫𑆷 (Sharada script)
• 𑖫𑖿𑖪𑖫𑖿𑖨𑖳 (Siddham script)
• ශ‍්වශ්‍රූ (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩿 𑪙𑩾𑩿 𑪙𑩼𑩒𑩛 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚧𑚶𑚦𑚧𑚶𑚤𑚱 (Takri script)
• ஶ்வஶ்ரூ (Tamil script)
• శ్వశ్రూ (Telugu script)
• ศฺวศฺรู (Thai script)
• ཤྭ་ཤྲཱུ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒬𑓂𑒩𑒴 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨮𑩇𑨭𑨮𑩇𑨫𑨃𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *swaćrúH, from Proto-Indo-European *sweḱrúh₂ (“mother-in-law”). Cognate with Latin socrus, Old Armenian սկեսուր (skesur), Ancient Greek ἑκυρά (hekurá).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɕʋɐɕ.ɾúː/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈɕʋɐɕ.ɾuː/

Noun

श्वश्रू • (śvaśrū́) stem, f

1. a mother-in-law (either the wife's or the husband's mother)
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.034.3:

     द्वेष्टि॑ श्व॒श्रूर् अप॑ जा॒या रु॑णद्धि॒ न ना॑थि॒तो वि॑न्दते मर्डि॒तार॑म् ।
     अश्व॑स्येव॒ जर॑तो॒ वस्न्य॑स्य॒ नाहं वि॑न्दामि कित॒वस्य॒ भोग॑म् ॥

     dvéṣṭi śvaśrū́r ápa jāyā́ ruṇaddhi ná nāthitó vindate marḍitā́ram.
     áśvasyeva járato vásnyasya nā́háṃ vindāmi kitavásya bhógam.

     [Due to my gambling addiction,] My wife holds me aloof; my mother-in-law hates me: the wretched man finds none to give him comfort.
     My gambling habit is like a costly horse grown old and feeble: I find no profit in it.

Declension

Feminine ū-stem declension of श्वश्रू (śvaśrū́)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	श्वश्रूः śvaśrū́ḥ	श्वश्र्वौ / श्वश्रू¹ śvaśrvaù / śvaśrū́¹	श्वश्र्वः / श्वश्रूः¹ śvaśrvàḥ / śvaśrū́ḥ¹
Vocative	श्वश्रु śváśru	श्वश्र्वौ / श्वश्रू¹ śváśrvau / śváśrū¹	श्वश्र्वः / श्वश्रूः¹ śváśrvaḥ / śváśrūḥ¹
Accusative	श्वश्रूम् śvaśrū́m	श्वश्र्वौ / श्वश्रू¹ śvaśrvaù / śvaśrū́¹	श्वश्रूः śvaśrū́ḥ
Instrumental	श्वश्र्वा śvaśrvā́	श्वश्रूभ्याम् śvaśrū́bhyām	श्वश्रूभिः śvaśrū́bhiḥ
Dative	श्वश्र्वै śvaśrvaí	श्वश्रूभ्याम् śvaśrū́bhyām	श्वश्रूभ्यः śvaśrū́bhyaḥ
Ablative	श्वश्र्वाः / श्वश्र्वै² śvaśrvā́ḥ / śvaśrvaí²	श्वश्रूभ्याम् śvaśrū́bhyām	श्वश्रूभ्यः śvaśrū́bhyaḥ
Genitive	श्वश्र्वाः / श्वश्र्वै² śvaśrvā́ḥ / śvaśrvaí²	श्वश्र्वोः śvaśrvóḥ	श्वश्रूणाम् śvaśrū́ṇām
Locative	श्वश्र्वाम् śvaśrvā́m	श्वश्र्वोः śvaśrvóḥ	श्वश्रूषु śvaśrū́ṣu
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

Descendants

• Dardic:
  • Kalasha: isprés
  • Kashmiri: ہَش (haś)
  • Khowar: اِشپرےشى (išpréši)
• Magadhi Prakrit:
  • Early Assamese: শাশু (śaśu)
    • Assamese: শাহু (xahu)
  • Bengali: শাশুড়ি (śaśuṛi)
• Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽 (sāsū)
  • Old Marathi:

    Devanagari script: सासु (sāsu)

    Modi script: 𑘭𑘰𑘭𑘳 (sāsu)

    • Marathi: सासू (sāsū)
• Paisaci Prakrit:
  • Takka Apabhramsa:
    • Punjabi:

      Gurmukhi script: ਸੱਸ (sassa)

      Shahmukhi script: سَسّ (sass)

  • Vracada Apabhramsa:
    • Sindhi:

      Arabic script: سَسُ

      Devanagari script: ससु

• Pali: sassū
• Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀼𑀏 (sāsue)
  • Gurjara Apabhramsa:
    • Gujarati: સાસુ (sāsu)
  • Sauraseni Apabhramsa:
    • Hindustani:

      Hindi: सास (sās)

      Urdu: ساس (sās)

  • Romani: sasuj
• → Bengali: শ্বশ্রূ (śśosru)
• → Telugu: శ్వశ్రువు (śvaśruvu)
• → Tamil: ஶ்வஶ்ரூ (śvaśrū) (learned)
• → Odia: ଶ୍ବଶ୍ରୁ (śbaśru), ଶାଶୁ (śāśu)
• → Malayalam: ശ്വശ്രു (śvaśru)