शोचति

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

শোচতি (Assamese script)
ᬰᭀᬘᬢᬶ (Balinese script)
শোচতি (Bengali script)
𑰫𑰺𑰓𑰝𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀰𑁄𑀘𑀢𑀺 (Brahmi script)
ၐောစတိ (Burmese script)
શોચતિ (Gujarati script)
ਸ਼ੋਚਤਿ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌶𑍋𑌚𑌤𑌿 (Grantha script)
ꦯꦺꦴꦕꦠꦶ (Javanese script)
𑂬𑂷𑂒𑂞𑂱 (Kaithi script)
ಶೋಚತಿ (Kannada script)
ឝោចតិ (Khmer script)
ໂຨຈຕິ (Lao script)
ശോചതി (Malayalam script)
ᡧᠣᢜᠠᢠᡳ (Manchu script)
𑘫𑘻𑘓𑘝𑘱 (Modi script)
ᠱᠣᠸᠠᢋᠠᢐᠢ (Mongolian script)
𑧋𑧜𑦳𑦽𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
𑐱𑑀𑐔𑐟𑐶 (Newa script)
ଶୋଚତି (Odia script)
ꢯꣂꢗꢡꢶ (Saurashtra script)
𑆯𑆾𑆖𑆠𑆴 (Sharada script)
𑖫𑖺𑖓𑖝𑖰 (Siddham script)
ශොචති (Sinhalese script)
𑩿𑩕𑩡𑩫𑩑 (Soyombo script)
𑚧𑚴𑚏𑚙𑚮 (Takri script)
ஶோசதி (Tamil script)
శోచతి (Telugu script)
โศจติ (Thai script)
ཤོ་ཙ་ཏི (Tibetan script)
𑒬𑒼𑒔𑒞𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
𑨮𑨆𑨣𑨙𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱewk- (“to shine; white”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κύκνος (kúknos, “swan”).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɕɐ́w.t͡ɕɐ.ti/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈɕoː.t͡ɕɐ.t̪i/

Verb

शोचति • (śócati) third-singular indicative (class 1, type P, root शुच्)

Conjugation

Present: शोचति (śócati), शोचते (śócate)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	शोचति śócati	शोचतः śócataḥ	शोचन्ति śócanti	शोचते śócate	शोचेते śócete	शोचन्ते śócante
Second	शोचसि śócasi	शोचथः śócathaḥ	शोचथ śócatha	शोचसे śócase	शोचेथे śócethe	शोचध्वे śócadhve
First	शोचामि śócāmi	शोचावः śócāvaḥ	शोचामः / शोचामसि¹ śócāmaḥ / śócāmasi¹	शोचे śóce	शोचावहे śócāvahe	शोचामहे śócāmahe
Imperative
Third	शोचतु śócatu	शोचताम् śócatām	शोचन्तु śócantu	शोचताम् śócatām	शोचेताम् śócetām	शोचन्ताम् śócantām
Second	शोच śóca	शोचतम् śócatam	शोचत śócata	शोचस्व śócasva	शोचेथाम् śócethām	शोचध्वम् śócadhvam
First	शोचानि śócāni	शोचाव śócāva	शोचाम śócāma	शोचै śócai	शोचावहै śócāvahai	शोचामहै śócāmahai
Optative/Potential
Third	शोचेत् śócet	शोचेताम् śócetām	शोचेयुः śóceyuḥ	शोचेत śóceta	शोचेयाताम् śóceyātām	शोचेरन् śóceran
Second	शोचेः śóceḥ	शोचेतम् śócetam	शोचेत śóceta	शोचेथाः śócethāḥ	शोचेयाथाम् śóceyāthām	शोचेध्वम् śócedhvam
First	शोचेयम् śóceyam	शोचेव śóceva	शोचेम śócema	शोचेय śóceya	शोचेवहि śócevahi	शोचेमहि śócemahi
Subjunctive
Third	शोचात् / शोचाति śócāt / śócāti	शोचातः śócātaḥ	शोचान् śócān	शोचाते / शोचातै śócāte / śócātai	शोचैते śócaite	शोचन्त / शोचान्तै śócanta / śócāntai
Second	शोचाः / शोचासि śócāḥ / śócāsi	शोचाथः śócāthaḥ	शोचाथ śócātha	शोचासे / शोचासै śócāse / śócāsai	शोचैथे śócaithe	शोचाध्वै śócādhvai
First	शोचानि śócāni	शोचाव śócāva	शोचाम śócāma	शोचै śócai	शोचावहै śócāvahai	शोचामहै śócāmahai
Participles
	शोचत् śócat			शोचमान śócamāna
Notes	The subjunctive is only used in Vedic Sanskrit. ¹Vedic

Imperfect: अशोचत् (áśocat), अशोचत (áśocata)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	अशोचत् áśocat	अशोचताम् áśocatām	अशोचन् áśocan	अशोचत áśocata	अशोचेताम् áśocetām	अशोचन्त áśocanta
Second	अशोचः áśocaḥ	अशोचतम् áśocatam	अशोचत áśocata	अशोचथाः áśocathāḥ	अशोचेथाम् áśocethām	अशोचध्वम् áśocadhvam
First	अशोचम् áśocam	अशोचाव áśocāva	अशोचाम áśocāma	अशोचे áśoce	अशोचावहि áśocāvahi	अशोचामहि áśocāmahi

Descendants

Pali: socati

References

Monier Williams (1899) “शोचति”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1081.
Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “शोचति”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 174
Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “शोचति”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016

Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 328
Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 331
Pokorny, Julius (1959) “0597”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 0597