वृक्ष
Appearance
Hindi
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Sanskrit वृक्ष (vṛkṣa).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]वृक्ष • (vŕkṣ) m
Declension
[edit]Declension of वृक्ष (masc cons-stem)
References
[edit]- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “वृक्ष”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
Marathi
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Sanskrit वृक्ष (vṛkṣa). Compare Gujarati વૃક્ષ (vŕkṣ), Kannada ವೃಕ್ಷ (vṛkṣa), Bengali বৃক্ষ (brikkho).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]वृक्ष • (vŕkṣa) m
Declension
[edit]Declension of वृक्ष (masc cons-stem) | |||
---|---|---|---|
direct singular |
वृक्ष vŕkṣa | ||
direct plural |
वृक्ष vŕkṣa | ||
singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन | ||
nominative प्रथमा |
वृक्ष vŕkṣa |
वृक्ष vŕkṣa | |
oblique सामान्यरूप |
वृक्षा vŕkṣā |
वृक्षां- vŕkṣān- | |
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी |
वृक्षाला vŕkṣālā |
वृक्षांना vŕkṣānnā | |
ergative | वृक्षाने, वृक्षानं vŕkṣāne, vŕkṣāna |
वृक्षांनी vŕkṣānnī | |
instrumental | वृक्षाशी vŕkṣāśī |
वृक्षांशी vŕkṣānśī | |
locative सप्तमी |
वृक्षात vŕkṣāt |
वृक्षांत vŕkṣāt | |
vocative संबोधन |
वृक्षा vŕkṣā |
वृक्षांनो vŕkṣānno | |
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition. |
Genitive declension of वृक्ष (masc cons-stem) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म |
feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म |
neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म |
oblique सामान्यरूप | |||||
singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular* एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
|||
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता |
वृक्षाचा vŕkṣāċā |
वृक्षाचे vŕkṣāċe |
वृक्षाची vŕkṣācī |
वृक्षाच्या vŕkṣācā |
वृक्षाचे, वृक्षाचं vŕkṣāċe, vŕkṣāċa |
वृक्षाची vŕkṣācī |
वृक्षाच्या vŕkṣācā | |
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता |
वृक्षांचा vŕkṣānċā |
वृक्षांचे vŕkṣānċe |
वृक्षांची vŕkṣāñcī |
वृक्षांच्या vŕkṣāncā |
वृक्षांचे, वृक्षांचं vŕkṣānċe, vŕkṣānċa |
वृक्षांची vŕkṣāñcī |
वृक्षांच्या vŕkṣāñcā | |
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition. |
References
[edit]- Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “वृक्ष”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
- Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “वृक्ष”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
- दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950) “वृक्ष”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ).
Sanskrit
[edit]Alternative scripts
[edit]Alternative scripts
- ৱৃক্ষ (Assamese script)
- ᬯᬺᬓ᭄ᬱ (Balinese script)
- বৃক্ষ (Bengali script)
- 𑰪𑰴𑰎𑰿𑰬 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀯𑀾𑀓𑁆𑀱 (Brahmi script)
- ဝၖက္ၑ (Burmese script)
- વૃક્ષ (Gujarati script)
- ਵ੍ਰਕ੍ਸ਼ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌵𑍃𑌕𑍍𑌷 (Grantha script)
- ꦮꦽꦏ꧀ꦰ (Javanese script)
- 𑂫𑃂𑂍𑂹𑂭 (Kaithi script)
- ವೃಕ್ಷ (Kannada script)
- វ្ឫក្ឞ (Khmer script)
- ວ຺ຣິກ຺ຩ (Lao script)
- വൃക്ഷ (Malayalam script)
- ᠸᡵᡳᡬᢢᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘪𑘵𑘎𑘿𑘬 (Modi script)
- ᠸᠷᠢᢉᢔᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧊𑧖𑦮𑧠𑧌 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐰𑐺𑐎𑑂𑐲 (Newa script)
- ଵୃକ୍ଷ (Odia script)
- ꢮꢺꢒ꣄ꢰ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆮𑆸𑆑𑇀𑆰 (Sharada script)
- 𑖪𑖴𑖎𑖿𑖬 (Siddham script)
- වෘක්ෂ (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩾𑩙𑩜 𑪙𑪀 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚦𑚊𑚶 (Takri script)
- வ்ரிக்ஷ (Tamil script)
- వృక్ష (Telugu script)
- วฺฤกฺษ (Thai script)
- ཝྲྀ་ཀྵ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒫𑒵𑒏𑓂𑒭 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨭𑨼𑨉𑨋𑩇𑨯 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-Iranian *wr̥ćšás (“tree”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬱𐬀 (varəša).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]वृक्ष • (vṛkṣá) stem, m
- a tree, (especially) any tree bearing visible flowers and fruit, but also applied to any tree and other plants, often in the sense of wood
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.24.3:
- अक्षो॒ न च॒क्र्यो॑: शूर बृ॒हन्प्र ते॑ म॒ह्ना रि॑रिचे॒ रोद॑स्योः।
वृ॒क्षस्य॒ नु ते॑ पुरुहूत व॒या व्यू॒३॒॑तयो॑ रुरुहुरिन्द्र पू॒र्वीः॥- ákṣo ná cakryò: śūra bṛhánprá te mahnā́ ririce ródasyoḥ.
vṛkṣásya nú te puruhūta vayā́ vyū̀táyo ruruhurindra pūrvī́ḥ. - The lofty axle of thy wheels, O Hero, is not surpassed by heaven and earth in greatness.
Like branches of a tree, O thou Invoked by many, manifold assistance spring forth from thee, O Indra.
- ákṣo ná cakryò: śūra bṛhánprá te mahnā́ ririce ródasyoḥ.
- अक्षो॒ न च॒क्र्यो॑: शूर बृ॒हन्प्र ते॑ म॒ह्ना रि॑रिचे॒ रोद॑स्योः।
- tree trunk
- coffin
- the staff of a bow
- Wrightia antidysenterica
Declension
[edit]Masculine a-stem declension of वृक्ष (vṛkṣá) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | वृक्षः vṛkṣáḥ |
वृक्षौ / वृक्षा¹ vṛkṣaú / vṛkṣā́¹ |
वृक्षाः / वृक्षासः¹ vṛkṣā́ḥ / vṛkṣā́saḥ¹ |
Vocative | वृक्ष vṛ́kṣa |
वृक्षौ / वृक्षा¹ vṛ́kṣau / vṛ́kṣā¹ |
वृक्षाः / वृक्षासः¹ vṛ́kṣāḥ / vṛ́kṣāsaḥ¹ |
Accusative | वृक्षम् vṛkṣám |
वृक्षौ / वृक्षा¹ vṛkṣaú / vṛkṣā́¹ |
वृक्षान् vṛkṣā́n |
Instrumental | वृक्षेण vṛkṣéṇa |
वृक्षाभ्याम् vṛkṣā́bhyām |
वृक्षैः / वृक्षेभिः¹ vṛkṣaíḥ / vṛkṣébhiḥ¹ |
Dative | वृक्षाय vṛkṣā́ya |
वृक्षाभ्याम् vṛkṣā́bhyām |
वृक्षेभ्यः vṛkṣébhyaḥ |
Ablative | वृक्षात् vṛkṣā́t |
वृक्षाभ्याम् vṛkṣā́bhyām |
वृक्षेभ्यः vṛkṣébhyaḥ |
Genitive | वृक्षस्य vṛkṣásya |
वृक्षयोः vṛkṣáyoḥ |
वृक्षाणाम् vṛkṣā́ṇām |
Locative | वृक्षे vṛkṣé |
वृक्षयोः vṛkṣáyoḥ |
वृक्षेषु vṛkṣéṣu |
Notes |
|
Descendants
[edit]- Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀮𑀼𑀔 (lukha /lukkha/), *𑀭𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔 (*rukkha)
- Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀯𑁆𑀭𑀙 (vracha)
- Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀯𑀘𑁆𑀙 (vaccha)
- Helu Prakrit:
- Pali: rukkha
- Borrowed
- → Bengali: বৃক্ষ (brikkho)
- → Gujarati: વૃક્ષ (vŕkṣ)
- → Hindi: वृक्ष (vŕkṣ)
- → Kannada: ವೃಕ್ಷ (vṛkṣa)
- → Malayalam: വൃക്ഷം (vr̥kṣaṁ)
- → Old Khmer: briksā
- → Old Marathi: 𑘪𑘿𑘨𑘲𑘎𑘿𑘬 (vrīkṣa)
- → Marathi: वृक्ष (vŕkṣa)
- → Odia: ବୃକ୍ଷ (br̥kṣa)
- → Tamil: விருக்ஷம் (virukṣam)
- → Telugu: వృక్షము (vr̥kṣamu)
- → Thai: พฤกษ์ (prʉ́k), พฤกษ (prʉ́k-sà-)
- → Tulu: ವೃಕ್ಷ (vṛkṣa)
References
[edit]- Monier Williams (1899) “वृक्ष”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1008/2.
- Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “vṛkṣa”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
Categories:
- Hindi terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Hindi terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Hindi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hindi lemmas
- Hindi nouns
- Hindi masculine nouns
- Hindi masculine consonant-stem nouns
- Marathi terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Marathi terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Marathi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Marathi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Marathi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Marathi lemmas
- Marathi nouns
- Marathi nouns in Devanagari script
- Marathi masculine nouns
- mr:Botany
- Marathi nouns with declension
- Marathi masculine consonant-stem nouns
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit nouns
- Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit masculine nouns
- Sanskrit terms with quotations
- Sanskrit a-stem nouns
- sa:Trees