विशेषण
Appearance
Hindi
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Learned borrowing from Sanskrit विशेषण (viśeṣaṇa).
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]विशेषण • (viśeṣaṇ) (indeclinable, Urdu spelling وشيشن) (rare, formal)
Noun
[edit]विशेषण • (viśeṣaṇ) m (Urdu spelling وشيشن)
- the act of distinguishing, distinction, discrimination, particularisation
- a distinguishing mark or attribute
- (grammar) an adjective
- a species, kind
Declension
[edit]Declension of विशेषण (masc cons-stem)
Related terms
[edit]- क्रियाविशेषण (kriyāviśeṣaṇ, “adverb”)
Further reading
[edit]- Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “विशेषण”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “विशेषण”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
- Platts, John T. (1884) “विशेषण”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
Marathi
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Learned borrowing from Sanskrit विशेषण (viśeṣaṇa).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]विशेषण • (viśeṣaṇ) n
Declension
[edit]Declension of विशेषण (neut cons-stem) | |||
---|---|---|---|
direct singular |
विशेषण viśeṣaṇ | ||
direct plural |
विशेषणे, विशेषणं viśeṣaṇe, viśeṣṇa | ||
singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन | ||
nominative प्रथमा |
विशेषण viśeṣaṇ |
विशेषणे, विशेषणं viśeṣaṇe, viśeṣṇa | |
oblique सामान्यरूप |
विशेषणा viśeṣaṇā |
विशेषणां- viśeṣaṇān- | |
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी |
विशेषणाला viśeṣaṇālā |
विशेषणांना viśeṣaṇānnā | |
ergative | विशेषणाने, विशेषणानं viśeṣaṇāne, viśeṣaṇāna |
विशेषणांनी viśeṣaṇānnī | |
instrumental | विशेषणाशी viśeṣaṇāśī |
विशेषणांशी viśeṣaṇānśī | |
locative सप्तमी |
विशेषणात viśeṣaṇāt |
विशेषणांत viśeṣaṇāt | |
vocative संबोधन |
विशेषणा viśeṣaṇā |
विशेषणांनो viśeṣaṇānno | |
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition. |
Genitive declension of विशेषण (neut cons-stem) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म |
feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म |
neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म |
oblique सामान्यरूप | |||||
singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular* एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
|||
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता |
विशेषणाचा viśeṣaṇāċā |
विशेषणाचे viśeṣaṇāċe |
विशेषणाची viśeṣaṇācī |
विशेषणाच्या viśeṣaṇācā |
विशेषणाचे, विशेषणाचं viśeṣaṇāċe, viśeṣaṇāċa |
विशेषणाची viśeṣaṇācī |
विशेषणाच्या viśeṣaṇācā | |
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता |
विशेषणांचा viśeṣaṇānċā |
विशेषणांचे viśeṣaṇānċe |
विशेषणांची viśeṣaṇāñcī |
विशेषणांच्या viśeṣaṇāncā |
विशेषणांचे, विशेषणांचं viśeṣaṇānċe, viśeṣaṇānċa |
विशेषणांची viśeṣaṇāñcī |
विशेषणांच्या viśeṣaṇāñcā | |
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition. |
References
[edit]- Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “विशेषण”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
Sanskrit
[edit]Alternative scripts
[edit]Alternative scripts
- ৱিশেষণ (Assamese script)
- ᬯᬶᬰᬾᬱᬡ (Balinese script)
- বিশেষণ (Bengali script)
- 𑰪𑰰𑰫𑰸𑰬𑰜 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀯𑀺𑀰𑁂𑀱𑀡 (Brahmi script)
- ဝိၐေၑဏ (Burmese script)
- વિશેષણ (Gujarati script)
- ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ਣ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌵𑌿𑌶𑍇𑌷𑌣 (Grantha script)
- ꦮꦶꦯꦺꦰꦟ (Javanese script)
- 𑂫𑂱𑂬𑂵𑂭𑂝 (Kaithi script)
- ವಿಶೇಷಣ (Kannada script)
- វិឝេឞណ (Khmer script)
- ວິເຨຩຓ (Lao script)
- വിശേഷണ (Malayalam script)
- ᠸᡳᡧᡝᢢᠠᢏᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘪𑘱𑘫𑘹𑘬𑘜 (Modi script)
- ᠸᠢᠱᠧᢔᠠᢏᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧊𑧒𑧋𑧚𑧌𑦼 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐰𑐶𑐱𑐾𑐲𑐞 (Newa script)
- ଵିଶେଷଣ (Odia script)
- ꢮꢶꢯꢾꢰꢠ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆮𑆴𑆯𑆼𑆰𑆟 (Sharada script)
- 𑖪𑖰𑖫𑖸𑖬𑖜 (Siddham script)
- විශෙෂණ (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩾𑩑𑩿𑩔𑪀𑩪 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚦𑚮𑚧𑚲𑚘 (Takri script)
- விஶேஷண (Tamil script)
- విశేషణ (Telugu script)
- วิเศษณ (Thai script)
- ཝི་ཤེ་ཥ་ཎ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒫𑒱𑒬𑒹𑒭𑒝 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨭𑨁𑨮𑨄𑨯𑨘 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
[edit]From वि- (vi-) + शिष् (śiṣ, root) + -अन (-ana).
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]विशेषण • (viśeṣaṇa) stem
Declension
[edit]Masculine a-stem declension of विशेषण (viśeṣaṇa) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | विशेषणः viśeṣaṇaḥ |
विशेषणौ / विशेषणा¹ viśeṣaṇau / viśeṣaṇā¹ |
विशेषणाः / विशेषणासः¹ viśeṣaṇāḥ / viśeṣaṇāsaḥ¹ |
Vocative | विशेषण viśeṣaṇa |
विशेषणौ / विशेषणा¹ viśeṣaṇau / viśeṣaṇā¹ |
विशेषणाः / विशेषणासः¹ viśeṣaṇāḥ / viśeṣaṇāsaḥ¹ |
Accusative | विशेषणम् viśeṣaṇam |
विशेषणौ / विशेषणा¹ viśeṣaṇau / viśeṣaṇā¹ |
विशेषणान् viśeṣaṇān |
Instrumental | विशेषणेन viśeṣaṇena |
विशेषणाभ्याम् viśeṣaṇābhyām |
विशेषणैः / विशेषणेभिः¹ viśeṣaṇaiḥ / viśeṣaṇebhiḥ¹ |
Dative | विशेषणाय viśeṣaṇāya |
विशेषणाभ्याम् viśeṣaṇābhyām |
विशेषणेभ्यः viśeṣaṇebhyaḥ |
Ablative | विशेषणात् viśeṣaṇāt |
विशेषणाभ्याम् viśeṣaṇābhyām |
विशेषणेभ्यः viśeṣaṇebhyaḥ |
Genitive | विशेषणस्य viśeṣaṇasya |
विशेषणयोः viśeṣaṇayoḥ |
विशेषणानाम् viśeṣaṇānām |
Locative | विशेषणे viśeṣaṇe |
विशेषणयोः viśeṣaṇayoḥ |
विशेषणेषु viśeṣaṇeṣu |
Notes |
|
Feminine ī-stem declension of विशेषणी (viśeṣaṇī) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | विशेषणी viśeṣaṇī |
विशेषण्यौ / विशेषणी¹ viśeṣaṇyau / viśeṣaṇī¹ |
विशेषण्यः / विशेषणीः¹ viśeṣaṇyaḥ / viśeṣaṇīḥ¹ |
Vocative | विशेषणि viśeṣaṇi |
विशेषण्यौ / विशेषणी¹ viśeṣaṇyau / viśeṣaṇī¹ |
विशेषण्यः / विशेषणीः¹ viśeṣaṇyaḥ / viśeṣaṇīḥ¹ |
Accusative | विशेषणीम् viśeṣaṇīm |
विशेषण्यौ / विशेषणी¹ viśeṣaṇyau / viśeṣaṇī¹ |
विशेषणीः viśeṣaṇīḥ |
Instrumental | विशेषण्या viśeṣaṇyā |
विशेषणीभ्याम् viśeṣaṇībhyām |
विशेषणीभिः viśeṣaṇībhiḥ |
Dative | विशेषण्यै viśeṣaṇyai |
विशेषणीभ्याम् viśeṣaṇībhyām |
विशेषणीभ्यः viśeṣaṇībhyaḥ |
Ablative | विशेषण्याः / विशेषण्यै² viśeṣaṇyāḥ / viśeṣaṇyai² |
विशेषणीभ्याम् viśeṣaṇībhyām |
विशेषणीभ्यः viśeṣaṇībhyaḥ |
Genitive | विशेषण्याः / विशेषण्यै² viśeṣaṇyāḥ / viśeṣaṇyai² |
विशेषण्योः viśeṣaṇyoḥ |
विशेषणीनाम् viśeṣaṇīnām |
Locative | विशेषण्याम् viśeṣaṇyām |
विशेषण्योः viśeṣaṇyoḥ |
विशेषणीषु viśeṣaṇīṣu |
Notes |
|
Neuter a-stem declension of विशेषण (viśeṣaṇa) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | विशेषणम् viśeṣaṇam |
विशेषणे viśeṣaṇe |
विशेषणानि / विशेषणा¹ viśeṣaṇāni / viśeṣaṇā¹ |
Vocative | विशेषण viśeṣaṇa |
विशेषणे viśeṣaṇe |
विशेषणानि / विशेषणा¹ viśeṣaṇāni / viśeṣaṇā¹ |
Accusative | विशेषणम् viśeṣaṇam |
विशेषणे viśeṣaṇe |
विशेषणानि / विशेषणा¹ viśeṣaṇāni / viśeṣaṇā¹ |
Instrumental | विशेषणेन viśeṣaṇena |
विशेषणाभ्याम् viśeṣaṇābhyām |
विशेषणैः / विशेषणेभिः¹ viśeṣaṇaiḥ / viśeṣaṇebhiḥ¹ |
Dative | विशेषणाय viśeṣaṇāya |
विशेषणाभ्याम् viśeṣaṇābhyām |
विशेषणेभ्यः viśeṣaṇebhyaḥ |
Ablative | विशेषणात् viśeṣaṇāt |
विशेषणाभ्याम् viśeṣaṇābhyām |
विशेषणेभ्यः viśeṣaṇebhyaḥ |
Genitive | विशेषणस्य viśeṣaṇasya |
विशेषणयोः viśeṣaṇayoḥ |
विशेषणानाम् viśeṣaṇānām |
Locative | विशेषणे viśeṣaṇe |
विशेषणयोः viśeṣaṇayoḥ |
विशेषणेषु viśeṣaṇeṣu |
Notes |
|
Noun
[edit]विशेषण • (viśeṣaṇa) stem, n
- the act of distinguishing, distinction, discrimination, particularisation
- a distinguishing mark or attribute; a difference
- (grammar) a word which particularises or defines; an adjective
- a species, kind
- surpassing, excelling
- (rhetoric) a figure of speech in which the excellence of a thing is implied by comparing it to some highly prized object
Declension
[edit]Neuter a-stem declension of विशेषण (viśeṣaṇa) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | विशेषणम् viśeṣaṇam |
विशेषणे viśeṣaṇe |
विशेषणानि / विशेषणा¹ viśeṣaṇāni / viśeṣaṇā¹ |
Vocative | विशेषण viśeṣaṇa |
विशेषणे viśeṣaṇe |
विशेषणानि / विशेषणा¹ viśeṣaṇāni / viśeṣaṇā¹ |
Accusative | विशेषणम् viśeṣaṇam |
विशेषणे viśeṣaṇe |
विशेषणानि / विशेषणा¹ viśeṣaṇāni / viśeṣaṇā¹ |
Instrumental | विशेषणेन viśeṣaṇena |
विशेषणाभ्याम् viśeṣaṇābhyām |
विशेषणैः / विशेषणेभिः¹ viśeṣaṇaiḥ / viśeṣaṇebhiḥ¹ |
Dative | विशेषणाय viśeṣaṇāya |
विशेषणाभ्याम् viśeṣaṇābhyām |
विशेषणेभ्यः viśeṣaṇebhyaḥ |
Ablative | विशेषणात् viśeṣaṇāt |
विशेषणाभ्याम् viśeṣaṇābhyām |
विशेषणेभ्यः viśeṣaṇebhyaḥ |
Genitive | विशेषणस्य viśeṣaṇasya |
विशेषणयोः viśeṣaṇayoḥ |
विशेषणानाम् viśeṣaṇānām |
Locative | विशेषणे viśeṣaṇe |
विशेषणयोः viśeṣaṇayoḥ |
विशेषणेषु viśeṣaṇeṣu |
Notes |
|
Descendants
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- Monier Williams (1899) “विशेषण”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 991, column 1.
- Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “विशेषण”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan
Categories:
- Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms derived from the Sanskrit root शिष्
- Hindi terms derived from the Sanskrit root विशिष्
- Hindi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Hindi learned borrowings from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hindi lemmas
- Hindi adjectives
- Hindi indeclinable adjectives
- Hindi rare terms
- Hindi formal terms
- Hindi nouns
- Hindi masculine nouns
- hi:Grammar
- Hindi masculine consonant-stem nouns
- hi:Parts of speech
- Marathi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Marathi learned borrowings from Sanskrit
- Marathi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Marathi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Marathi lemmas
- Marathi nouns
- Marathi nouns in Devanagari script
- Marathi neuter nouns
- mr:Grammar
- Marathi nouns with declension
- Marathi neuter consonant-stem nouns
- Sanskrit terms belonging to the root शिष्
- Sanskrit terms belonging to the root विशिष्
- Sanskrit terms prefixed with वि-
- Sanskrit terms suffixed with -अन
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit adjectives
- Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit a-stem adjectives
- Sanskrit nouns
- Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit neuter nouns
- Sanskrit terms with quotations
- sa:Grammar
- sa:Rhetoric
- Sanskrit a-stem nouns
- sa:Parts of speech