मूक

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit मूक (mūká).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /muːk/

Adjective

मूक • (mūk) (indeclinable)

1. mute, speechless

   Synonym: गूंगा (gūṅgā)

Marathi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit मूक (mūká).

Adjective

मूक • (mūk)

1. silent, dumb, speechless

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• মূক (Assamese script)
• ᬫᬹᬓ (Balinese script)
• মূক (Bengali script)
• 𑰦𑰳𑰎 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀫𑀽𑀓 (Brahmi script)
• မူက (Burmese script)
• મૂક (Gujarati script)
• ਮੂਕ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌮𑍂𑌕 (Grantha script)
• ꦩꦹꦏ (Javanese script)
• 𑂧𑂴𑂍 (Kaithi script)
• ಮೂಕ (Kannada script)
• មូក (Khmer script)
• ມູກ (Lao script)
• മൂക (Malayalam script)
• ᠮᡠᡠᡬᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘦𑘴𑘎 (Modi script)
• ᠮᠤᠤᢉᠠ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧆𑧕𑦮 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐩𑐹𑐎 (Newa script)
• ମୂକ (Odia script)
• ꢪꢹꢒ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆩𑆷𑆑 (Sharada script)
• 𑖦𑖳𑖎 (Siddham script)
• මූක (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩴𑩒𑩛𑩜 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚢𑚱𑚊 (Takri script)
• மூக (Tamil script)
• మూక (Telugu script)
• มูก (Thai script)
• མཱུ་ཀ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒧𑒴𑒏 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨢𑨃𑨊𑨋 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *muHkós (“dumb, mute”), from the root *mewH-. Cognate with Ancient Greek μυκός (mukós, “dumb”), Latin mūtus (“dumb, mute”), Old Armenian մունջ (munǰ, “dumb, silent, speechless”). Compare also Finnish mykkä (“mute”), an Indo-European borrowing.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /múː.kɐ/, /muː.kɐ́/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈmuː.kɐ/

Adjective

मूक • (mū́ka or mūká) stem

1. dumb, mute
   • c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Śukla-Yajurveda (Vājasenayi Saṃhitā)
   • c. 700 BCE, Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa 1.4.3.15:

     यदि पञ्चम्यामनुव्याहरेत् । तं प्रति ब्रूयाद्वाचं वा एतदात्मनोऽग्नावाधा वाचात्मन आर्त्तिमारिष्यसि मूको भविष्यसीति तथा हैवस्यात्

     yadi pañcamyāmanuvyāharet. taṃ prati brūyādvācaṃ vā etadātmanoʼgnāvādhā vācātmana ārttimāriṣyasi mūko bhaviṣyasīti tathā haivasyāt

     If any one were to curse him at the fifth verse, he should say to him, "Thereby thou hast put thine own voice into the fire: by that voice of thine shalt thou undergo suffering, thou shalt become dumb!", for this is what would take place.

2. silent, speechless

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of मूक

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	मूकः (mū́kaḥ)	मूकौ (mū́kau) मूका¹ (mū́kā¹)	मूकाः (mū́kāḥ) मूकासः¹ (mū́kāsaḥ¹)
vocative	मूक (mū́ka)	मूकौ (mū́kau) मूका¹ (mū́kā¹)	मूकाः (mū́kāḥ) मूकासः¹ (mū́kāsaḥ¹)
accusative	मूकम् (mū́kam)	मूकौ (mū́kau) मूका¹ (mū́kā¹)	मूकान् (mū́kān)
instrumental	मूकेन (mū́kena)	मूकाभ्याम् (mū́kābhyām)	मूकैः (mū́kaiḥ) मूकेभिः¹ (mū́kebhiḥ¹)
dative	मूकाय (mū́kāya)	मूकाभ्याम् (mū́kābhyām)	मूकेभ्यः (mū́kebhyaḥ)
ablative	मूकात् (mū́kāt)	मूकाभ्याम् (mū́kābhyām)	मूकेभ्यः (mū́kebhyaḥ)
genitive	मूकस्य (mū́kasya)	मूकयोः (mū́kayoḥ)	मूकानाम् (mū́kānām)
locative	मूके (mū́ke)	मूकयोः (mū́kayoḥ)	मूकेषु (mū́keṣu)

• ¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of मूका

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	मूका (mū́kā)	मूके (mū́ke)	मूकाः (mū́kāḥ)
vocative	मूके (mū́ke)	मूके (mū́ke)	मूकाः (mū́kāḥ)
accusative	मूकाम् (mū́kām)	मूके (mū́ke)	मूकाः (mū́kāḥ)
instrumental	मूकया (mū́kayā) मूका¹ (mū́kā¹)	मूकाभ्याम् (mū́kābhyām)	मूकाभिः (mū́kābhiḥ)
dative	मूकायै (mū́kāyai)	मूकाभ्याम् (mū́kābhyām)	मूकाभ्यः (mū́kābhyaḥ)
ablative	मूकायाः (mū́kāyāḥ) मूकायै² (mū́kāyai²)	मूकाभ्याम् (mū́kābhyām)	मूकाभ्यः (mū́kābhyaḥ)
genitive	मूकायाः (mū́kāyāḥ) मूकायै² (mū́kāyai²)	मूकयोः (mū́kayoḥ)	मूकानाम् (mū́kānām)
locative	मूकायाम् (mū́kāyām)	मूकयोः (mū́kayoḥ)	मूकासु (mū́kāsu)

• ¹Vedic
• ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of मूक

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	मूकम् (mū́kam)	मूके (mū́ke)	मूकानि (mū́kāni) मूका¹ (mū́kā¹)
vocative	मूक (mū́ka)	मूके (mū́ke)	मूकानि (mū́kāni) मूका¹ (mū́kā¹)
accusative	मूकम् (mū́kam)	मूके (mū́ke)	मूकानि (mū́kāni) मूका¹ (mū́kā¹)
instrumental	मूकेन (mū́kena)	मूकाभ्याम् (mū́kābhyām)	मूकैः (mū́kaiḥ) मूकेभिः¹ (mū́kebhiḥ¹)
dative	मूकाय (mū́kāya)	मूकाभ्याम् (mū́kābhyām)	मूकेभ्यः (mū́kebhyaḥ)
ablative	मूकात् (mū́kāt)	मूकाभ्याम् (mū́kābhyām)	मूकेभ्यः (mū́kebhyaḥ)
genitive	मूकस्य (mū́kasya)	मूकयोः (mū́kayoḥ)	मूकानाम् (mū́kānām)
locative	मूके (mū́ke)	मूकयोः (mū́kayoḥ)	मूकेषु (mū́keṣu)

• ¹Vedic

Masculine a-stem declension of मूक

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	मूकः (mūkáḥ)	मूकौ (mūkaú) मूका¹ (mūkā́¹)	मूकाः (mūkā́ḥ) मूकासः¹ (mūkā́saḥ¹)
vocative	मूक (mū́ka)	मूकौ (mū́kau) मूका¹ (mū́kā¹)	मूकाः (mū́kāḥ) मूकासः¹ (mū́kāsaḥ¹)
accusative	मूकम् (mūkám)	मूकौ (mūkaú) मूका¹ (mūkā́¹)	मूकान् (mūkā́n)
instrumental	मूकेन (mūkéna)	मूकाभ्याम् (mūkā́bhyām)	मूकैः (mūkaíḥ) मूकेभिः¹ (mūkébhiḥ¹)
dative	मूकाय (mūkā́ya)	मूकाभ्याम् (mūkā́bhyām)	मूकेभ्यः (mūkébhyaḥ)
ablative	मूकात् (mūkā́t)	मूकाभ्याम् (mūkā́bhyām)	मूकेभ्यः (mūkébhyaḥ)
genitive	मूकस्य (mūkásya)	मूकयोः (mūkáyoḥ)	मूकानाम् (mūkā́nām)
locative	मूके (mūké)	मूकयोः (mūkáyoḥ)	मूकेषु (mūkéṣu)

• ¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of मूका

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	मूका (mūkā́)	मूके (mūké)	मूकाः (mūkā́ḥ)
vocative	मूके (mū́ke)	मूके (mū́ke)	मूकाः (mū́kāḥ)
accusative	मूकाम् (mūkā́m)	मूके (mūké)	मूकाः (mūkā́ḥ)
instrumental	मूकया (mūkáyā) मूका¹ (mūkā́¹)	मूकाभ्याम् (mūkā́bhyām)	मूकाभिः (mūkā́bhiḥ)
dative	मूकायै (mūkā́yai)	मूकाभ्याम् (mūkā́bhyām)	मूकाभ्यः (mūkā́bhyaḥ)
ablative	मूकायाः (mūkā́yāḥ) मूकायै² (mūkā́yai²)	मूकाभ्याम् (mūkā́bhyām)	मूकाभ्यः (mūkā́bhyaḥ)
genitive	मूकायाः (mūkā́yāḥ) मूकायै² (mūkā́yai²)	मूकयोः (mūkáyoḥ)	मूकानाम् (mūkā́nām)
locative	मूकायाम् (mūkā́yām)	मूकयोः (mūkáyoḥ)	मूकासु (mūkā́su)

• ¹Vedic
• ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of मूक

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	मूकम् (mūkám)	मूके (mūké)	मूकानि (mūkā́ni) मूका¹ (mūkā́¹)
vocative	मूक (mū́ka)	मूके (mū́ke)	मूकानि (mū́kāni) मूका¹ (mū́kā¹)
accusative	मूकम् (mūkám)	मूके (mūké)	मूकानि (mūkā́ni) मूका¹ (mūkā́¹)
instrumental	मूकेन (mūkéna)	मूकाभ्याम् (mūkā́bhyām)	मूकैः (mūkaíḥ) मूकेभिः¹ (mūkébhiḥ¹)
dative	मूकाय (mūkā́ya)	मूकाभ्याम् (mūkā́bhyām)	मूकेभ्यः (mūkébhyaḥ)
ablative	मूकात् (mūkā́t)	मूकाभ्याम् (mūkā́bhyām)	मूकेभ्यः (mūkébhyaḥ)
genitive	मूकस्य (mūkásya)	मूकयोः (mūkáyoḥ)	मूकानाम् (mūkā́nām)
locative	मूके (mūké)	मूकयोः (mūkáyoḥ)	मूकेषु (mūkéṣu)

• ¹Vedic

Descendants

• Pali: mūga
• Prakrit: 𑀫𑀽𑀅 (mūa), 𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀓 (mukka)
• → Hindi: मूक (mūk)
• → Kannada: ಮೂಕ (mūka, “dumb, mute”)
• → Marathi: मूक (mūk)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “मूक”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 825, column 2.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) “mū́ka-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 365
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “mū́ka-”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press