माष

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• মাষ (Assamese script)
• ᬫᬵᬱ (Balinese script)
• মাষ (Bengali script)
• 𑰦𑰯𑰬 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀫𑀸𑀱 (Brahmi script)
• မာၑ (Burmese script)
• માષ (Gujarati script)
• ਮਾਸ਼ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌮𑌾𑌷 (Grantha script)
• ꦩꦴꦰ (Javanese script)
• 𑂧𑂰𑂭 (Kaithi script)
• ಮಾಷ (Kannada script)
• មាឞ (Khmer script)
• ມາຩ (Lao script)
• മാഷ (Malayalam script)
• ᠮᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᢢᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘦𑘰𑘬 (Modi script)
• ᠮᠠᢗᢔᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧆𑧑𑧌 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐩𑐵𑐲 (Newa script)
• ମାଷ (Odia script)
• ꢪꢵꢰ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆩𑆳𑆰 (Sharada script)
• 𑖦𑖯𑖬 (Siddham script)
• මාෂ (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩴𑩛𑪀 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚢𑚭 (Takri script)
• மாஷ (Tamil script)
• మాష (Telugu script)
• มาษ (Thai script)
• མཱ་ཥ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒧𑒰𑒭 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨢𑨊𑨯 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *máša-; compare Persian ماش (mâš, “vetch, mung bean”) and Shughni мах̌ (max̌, “pea, bean”), as well as, outside of Indo-Iranian, Albanian modhull (“vetch”) and Romanian mazăre (“peas”). Said terms seem to go back to a Proto-Indo-European *meh₂ǵʰ- (“small bean”), though based on the "local vegetable" semantic category and irregular sound correspondences between the Indo-Iranian and European terms, the source word is likely to be ultimately of non-Indo-European substrate origin.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /mɑ́ː.ʂɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈmɑː.ʂɐ/

Noun

माष • (mā́ṣa) stem, m

1. any Old World bean
2. (Later Sanskrit) urad
3. a weight of gold

   Synonym: सुवर्ण (suvarṇa)

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of माष (mā́ṣa)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	माषः mā́ṣaḥ	माषौ / माषा¹ mā́ṣau / mā́ṣā¹	माषाः / माषासः¹ mā́ṣāḥ / mā́ṣāsaḥ¹
Vocative	माष mā́ṣa	माषौ / माषा¹ mā́ṣau / mā́ṣā¹	माषाः / माषासः¹ mā́ṣāḥ / mā́ṣāsaḥ¹
Accusative	माषम् mā́ṣam	माषौ / माषा¹ mā́ṣau / mā́ṣā¹	माषान् mā́ṣān
Instrumental	माषेण mā́ṣeṇa	माषाभ्याम् mā́ṣābhyām	माषैः / माषेभिः¹ mā́ṣaiḥ / mā́ṣebhiḥ¹
Dative	माषाय mā́ṣāya	माषाभ्याम् mā́ṣābhyām	माषेभ्यः mā́ṣebhyaḥ
Ablative	माषात् mā́ṣāt	माषाभ्याम् mā́ṣābhyām	माषेभ्यः mā́ṣebhyaḥ
Genitive	माषस्य mā́ṣasya	माषयोः mā́ṣayoḥ	माषाणाम् mā́ṣāṇām
Locative	माषे mā́ṣe	माषयोः mā́ṣayoḥ	माषेषु mā́ṣeṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• Gandhari: 𐨨𐨮 (maṣa)
  • → Middle Persian:
    • Persian: ماش (mâš)
      • Tajik: мош (moš)
      • → Arabic: مَاش (māš)
      • → Azerbaijani: maş
      • → Georgian: მაშა (maša)
      • → Karakalpak: мәш
      • → Kazakh: мәш (mäş)
        • →? Russian: маш (maš)
          • → Romanian: maș (Moldova)
          • → Ukrainian: маш (maš)
      • → Middle Armenian: մաշ (maš)
        • Armenian: մաշ (maš)
      • → Ottoman Turkish: ماش (maş)
        • Turkish: maş
      • → Uzbek: мош (mosh)
• → Khmer: មាស (miəh)
  • → Thai: มาศ (mâat)
• → Malay: emas
• Pali: māsa
  • → Burmese: မတ် (mat) (cf. မတ်ပဲ (matpai:))
• Sauraseni Prakrit:
  • Nepali: मास (mās)
  • Punjabi: ਮਾਸ਼ (māś)

Further reading

• Monier Williams (1899) “माष”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 814, column 2.