पृथु

See also: पथ, पोथा, and पोथी

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit पृथु (pṛthú), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *pr̥tʰúṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pr̥tʰúš, from Proto-Indo-European *pléth₂us, from *pleth₂- (“flat”).

Adjective

पृथु • (pŕthu) (indeclinable)

1. broad, wide

Synonyms

• चौड़ा (cauṛā)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• পৃথু (Assamese script)
• ᬧᬺᬣᬸ (Balinese script)
• পৃথু (Bengali script)
• 𑰢𑰴𑰞𑰲 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀧𑀾𑀣𑀼 (Brahmi script)
• ပၖထု (Burmese script)
• પૃથુ (Gujarati script)
• ਪ੍ਰਥੁ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌪𑍃𑌥𑍁 (Grantha script)
• ꦥꦽꦡꦸ (Javanese script)
• 𑂣𑃂𑂟𑂳 (Kaithi script)
• ಪೃಥು (Kannada script)
• ប្ឫថុ (Khmer script)
• ປ຺ຣິຖຸ (Lao script)
• പൃഥു (Malayalam script)
• ᢒᡵᡳᡨᡠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘢𑘵𑘞𑘳 (Modi script)
• ᢒᠷᠢᠲᠤ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧂𑧖𑦾𑧔 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐥𑐺𑐠𑐸 (Newa script)
• ପୃଥୁ (Odia script)
• ꢦꢺꢢꢸ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆥𑆸𑆡𑆶 (Sharada script)
• 𑖢𑖴𑖞𑖲 (Siddham script)
• පෘථු (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩰𑩙𑩬𑩒 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚞𑚚𑚰 (Takri script)
• ப்ரிது² (Tamil script)
• పృథు (Telugu script)
• ปฺฤถุ (Thai script)
• པྲྀ་ཐུ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒣𑒵𑒟𑒳 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨞𑨼𑨉𑨚𑨃 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *pr̥tʰúṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pr̥tʰúš, from Proto-Indo-European *pléth₂us, from *pleth₂- (“flat”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬚𐬎 (pər^əθu), Ancient Greek πλατύς (platús), Old Armenian յաղթ (yałtʻ), English flat.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /pr̩.tʰú/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈpr̩.t̪ʰu/

Adjective

पृथु • (pṛthú) stem

1. broad, wide, expansive, extensive, spacious, large
2. great, important
3. ample, abundant
4. copious, numerous, manifold
5. prolix, detailed
6. smart, clever, dexterous

Declension

Masculine u-stem declension of पृथु

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	पृथुः (pṛthuḥ)	पृथू (pṛthū)	पृथवः (pṛthavaḥ)
vocative	पृथो (pṛtho)	पृथू (pṛthū)	पृथवः (pṛthavaḥ)
accusative	पृथुम् (pṛthum)	पृथू (pṛthū)	पृथून् (pṛthūn)
instrumental	पृथुना (pṛthunā) पृथ्वा¹ (pṛthvā¹)	पृथुभ्याम् (pṛthubhyām)	पृथुभिः (pṛthubhiḥ)
dative	पृथवे (pṛthave) पृथ्वे¹ (pṛthve¹)	पृथुभ्याम् (pṛthubhyām)	पृथुभ्यः (pṛthubhyaḥ)
ablative	पृथोः (pṛthoḥ) पृथ्वः¹ (pṛthvaḥ¹)	पृथुभ्याम् (pṛthubhyām)	पृथुभ्यः (pṛthubhyaḥ)
genitive	पृथोः (pṛthoḥ) पृथ्वः¹ (pṛthvaḥ¹)	पृथ्वोः (pṛthvoḥ)	पृथूनाम् (pṛthūnām)
locative	पृथौ (pṛthau)	पृथ्वोः (pṛthvoḥ)	पृथुषु (pṛthuṣu)

• ¹Vedic

Feminine u-stem declension of पृथु

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	पृथुः (pṛthuḥ)	पृथू (pṛthū)	पृथवः (pṛthavaḥ)
vocative	पृथो (pṛtho)	पृथू (pṛthū)	पृथवः (pṛthavaḥ)
accusative	पृथुम् (pṛthum)	पृथू (pṛthū)	पृथूः (pṛthūḥ)
instrumental	पृथ्वा (pṛthvā)	पृथुभ्याम् (pṛthubhyām)	पृथुभिः (pṛthubhiḥ)
dative	पृथवे (pṛthave) पृथ्वै¹ (pṛthvai¹)	पृथुभ्याम् (pṛthubhyām)	पृथुभ्यः (pṛthubhyaḥ)
ablative	पृथोः (pṛthoḥ) पृथ्वाः¹ (pṛthvāḥ¹) पृथ्वै² (pṛthvai²)	पृथुभ्याम् (pṛthubhyām)	पृथुभ्यः (pṛthubhyaḥ)
genitive	पृथोः (pṛthoḥ) पृथ्वाः¹ (pṛthvāḥ¹) पृथ्वै² (pṛthvai²)	पृथ्वोः (pṛthvoḥ)	पृथूनाम् (pṛthūnām)
locative	पृथौ (pṛthau) पृथ्वाम्¹ (pṛthvām¹)	पृथ्वोः (pṛthvoḥ)	पृथुषु (pṛthuṣu)

• ¹Later Sanskrit
• ²Brāhmaṇas

Feminine ī-stem declension of पृथ्वी

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	पृथ्वी (pṛthvī)	पृथ्व्यौ (pṛthvyau) पृथ्वी¹ (pṛthvī¹)	पृथ्व्यः (pṛthvyaḥ) पृथ्वीः¹ (pṛthvīḥ¹)
vocative	पृथ्वि (pṛthvi)	पृथ्व्यौ (pṛthvyau) पृथ्वी¹ (pṛthvī¹)	पृथ्व्यः (pṛthvyaḥ) पृथ्वीः¹ (pṛthvīḥ¹)
accusative	पृथ्वीम् (pṛthvīm)	पृथ्व्यौ (pṛthvyau) पृथ्वी¹ (pṛthvī¹)	पृथ्वीः (pṛthvīḥ)
instrumental	पृथ्व्या (pṛthvyā)	पृथ्वीभ्याम् (pṛthvībhyām)	पृथ्वीभिः (pṛthvībhiḥ)
dative	पृथ्व्यै (pṛthvyai)	पृथ्वीभ्याम् (pṛthvībhyām)	पृथ्वीभ्यः (pṛthvībhyaḥ)
ablative	पृथ्व्याः (pṛthvyāḥ) पृथ्व्यै² (pṛthvyai²)	पृथ्वीभ्याम् (pṛthvībhyām)	पृथ्वीभ्यः (pṛthvībhyaḥ)
genitive	पृथ्व्याः (pṛthvyāḥ) पृथ्व्यै² (pṛthvyai²)	पृथ्व्योः (pṛthvyoḥ)	पृथ्वीनाम् (pṛthvīnām)
locative	पृथ्व्याम् (pṛthvyām)	पृथ्व्योः (pṛthvyoḥ)	पृथ्वीषु (pṛthvīṣu)

• ¹Vedic
• ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter u-stem declension of पृथु

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	पृथु (pṛthu)	पृथुनी (pṛthunī)	पृथूनि (pṛthūni) पृथु¹ (pṛthu¹) पृथू¹ (pṛthū¹)
vocative	पृथु (pṛthu) पृथो (pṛtho)	पृथुनी (pṛthunī)	पृथूनि (pṛthūni) पृथु¹ (pṛthu¹) पृथू¹ (pṛthū¹)
accusative	पृथु (pṛthu)	पृथुनी (pṛthunī)	पृथूनि (pṛthūni) पृथु¹ (pṛthu¹) पृथू¹ (pṛthū¹)
instrumental	पृथुना (pṛthunā) पृथ्वा¹ (pṛthvā¹)	पृथुभ्याम् (pṛthubhyām)	पृथुभिः (pṛthubhiḥ)
dative	पृथुने (pṛthune) पृथवे¹ (pṛthave¹) पृथ्वे¹ (pṛthve¹)	पृथुभ्याम् (pṛthubhyām)	पृथुभ्यः (pṛthubhyaḥ)
ablative	पृथुनः (pṛthunaḥ) पृथोः¹ (pṛthoḥ¹) पृथ्वः¹ (pṛthvaḥ¹)	पृथुभ्याम् (pṛthubhyām)	पृथुभ्यः (pṛthubhyaḥ)
genitive	पृथुनः (pṛthunaḥ) पृथोः¹ (pṛthoḥ¹) पृथ्वः¹ (pṛthvaḥ¹)	पृथुनोः (pṛthunoḥ)	पृथूनाम् (pṛthūnām)
locative	पृथुनि (pṛthuni) पृथौ¹ (pṛthau¹)	पृथुनोः (pṛthunoḥ)	पृथुषु (pṛthuṣu)

• ¹Vedic

Noun

पृथु • (pṛthú) stem, m

1. fire
2. an epithet of Shiva
3. opium

Declension

Masculine u-stem declension of पृथु

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	पृथुः (pṛthuḥ)	पृथू (pṛthū)	पृथवः (pṛthavaḥ)
vocative	पृथो (pṛtho)	पृथू (pṛthū)	पृथवः (pṛthavaḥ)
accusative	पृथुम् (pṛthum)	पृथू (pṛthū)	पृथून् (pṛthūn)
instrumental	पृथुना (pṛthunā) पृथ्वा¹ (pṛthvā¹)	पृथुभ्याम् (pṛthubhyām)	पृथुभिः (pṛthubhiḥ)
dative	पृथवे (pṛthave) पृथ्वे¹ (pṛthve¹)	पृथुभ्याम् (pṛthubhyām)	पृथुभ्यः (pṛthubhyaḥ)
ablative	पृथोः (pṛthoḥ) पृथ्वः¹ (pṛthvaḥ¹)	पृथुभ्याम् (pṛthubhyām)	पृथुभ्यः (pṛthubhyaḥ)
genitive	पृथोः (pṛthoḥ) पृथ्वः¹ (pṛthvaḥ¹)	पृथ्वोः (pṛthvoḥ)	पृथूनाम् (pṛthūnām)
locative	पृथौ (pṛthau)	पृथ्वोः (pṛthvoḥ)	पृथुषु (pṛthuṣu)

• ¹Vedic

Noun

पृथु • (pṛthú) stem, f

1. (botany) Nigella sativa var. sativa, syn. Nigella indica

Declension

Feminine u-stem declension of पृथु

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	पृथुः (pṛthuḥ)	पृथू (pṛthū)	पृथवः (pṛthavaḥ)
vocative	पृथो (pṛtho)	पृथू (pṛthū)	पृथवः (pṛthavaḥ)
accusative	पृथुम् (pṛthum)	पृथू (pṛthū)	पृथूः (pṛthūḥ)
instrumental	पृथ्वा (pṛthvā)	पृथुभ्याम् (pṛthubhyām)	पृथुभिः (pṛthubhiḥ)
dative	पृथवे (pṛthave) पृथ्वै¹ (pṛthvai¹)	पृथुभ्याम् (pṛthubhyām)	पृथुभ्यः (pṛthubhyaḥ)
ablative	पृथोः (pṛthoḥ) पृथ्वाः¹ (pṛthvāḥ¹) पृथ्वै² (pṛthvai²)	पृथुभ्याम् (pṛthubhyām)	पृथुभ्यः (pṛthubhyaḥ)
genitive	पृथोः (pṛthoḥ) पृथ्वाः¹ (pṛthvāḥ¹) पृथ्वै² (pṛthvai²)	पृथ्वोः (pṛthvoḥ)	पृथूनाम् (pṛthūnām)
locative	पृथौ (pṛthau) पृथ्वाम्¹ (pṛthvām¹)	पृथ्वोः (pṛthvoḥ)	पृथुषु (pṛthuṣu)

• ¹Later Sanskrit
• ²Brāhmaṇas

Descendants

• Dardic:
  • Northeast Pashayi: [script needed] (piṛik, “palm of hand”)
  • Southeast Pashayi: [script needed] (peṛek, “palm of hand”)
  • Shumashti: [script needed] (piṛik)

References

• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “pr̥thú”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press