तुखार

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

• तुषार (tuṣāra)
• तुःखार (tuḥkhāra), तुक्खर (tukkhara)

Etymology

Probably from an Indo-Iranian source. Cognate with Old Persian [script needed] (tuxāri-), Khotanese [script needed] (ttahvāra), Ancient Greek Τόχαρος (Tókharos) (whence English Tocharian).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /t̪uˈkʰɑː.ɾɐ/

Proper noun

तुखार • (tukhāra) stem, m

1. Tocharians (an Indo-European but non-Indo-Aryan people to the northwest of the Indian subcontinent, often identified as the founders of the Kushana Empire in India)
   • c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata
   • c. 500 BCE – 100 BCE, Rāmāyaṇa
   • c. 300 CE, Atharvaveda-Pariśiṣṭa 51.3.3:

     धनकनकरजतसंचयाश् च सर्वे शमदममन्त्रपराश् चये मनुष्याः ।
     शकयवनतुखारबाल्हिकाश् च क्षयम् उपयान्ति दिवाकरस्य घाते ॥

     dhanakanakarajatasaṃcayāś ca sarve śamadamamantraparāś caye manuṣyāḥ.
     śakayavanatukhārabālhikāś ca kṣayam upayānti divākarasya ghāte.

     The accretion of riches, gold, and silver; all fully dedicated to counsels of calmness and restraint; and these peoples
     The Sakas, Yavanas, Tukharas, and Balhikas ascend the seat of the Sun, when (the astrological planet is) invaded.

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of तुखार (tukhāra)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	तुखारः tukhāraḥ	तुखारौ / तुखारा¹ tukhārau / tukhārā¹	तुखाराः / तुखारासः¹ tukhārāḥ / tukhārāsaḥ¹
Vocative	तुखार tukhāra	तुखारौ / तुखारा¹ tukhārau / tukhārā¹	तुखाराः / तुखारासः¹ tukhārāḥ / tukhārāsaḥ¹
Accusative	तुखारम् tukhāram	तुखारौ / तुखारा¹ tukhārau / tukhārā¹	तुखारान् tukhārān
Instrumental	तुखारेण tukhāreṇa	तुखाराभ्याम् tukhārābhyām	तुखारैः / तुखारेभिः¹ tukhāraiḥ / tukhārebhiḥ¹
Dative	तुखाराय tukhārāya	तुखाराभ्याम् tukhārābhyām	तुखारेभ्यः tukhārebhyaḥ
Ablative	तुखारात् tukhārāt	तुखाराभ्याम् tukhārābhyām	तुखारेभ्यः tukhārebhyaḥ
Genitive	तुखारस्य tukhārasya	तुखारयोः tukhārayoḥ	तुखाराणाम् tukhārāṇām
Locative	तुखारे tukhāre	तुखारयोः tukhārayoḥ	तुखारेषु tukhāreṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “तुखार”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 449/3.