ताम्र

Hindi

Chemical element
Cu
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Next: जस्ता (jastā) (Zn)

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit ताम्र (tāmra). Doublet of ताँबा (tāmbā).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /t̪ɑːm.ɾᵊ/, [t̪ä̃ːm.ɾᵊ]

Noun

ताम्र • (tāmra) m (Urdu spelling تامر)

1. copper

Declension

Declension of ताम्र (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	ताम्र tāmra	ताम्र tāmra
oblique	ताम्र tāmra	ताम्रों tāmrõ
vocative	ताम्र tāmra	ताम्रो tāmro

Derived terms

• ताम्र गन्धेय (tāmra gandhey, “copper sulfide”)
• ताम्र जारेय (tāmra jārey, “copper oxide”)
• ताम्र भास्वीय (tāmra bhāsvīya, “copper phosphate”)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• তাম্ৰ (Assamese script)
• ᬢᬵᬫ᭄ᬭ (Balinese script)
• তাম্র (Bengali script)
• 𑰝𑰯𑰦𑰿𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀢𑀸𑀫𑁆𑀭 (Brahmi script)
• တာမြ (Burmese script)
• તામ્ર (Gujarati script)
• ਤਾਮ੍ਰ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌤𑌾𑌮𑍍𑌰 (Grantha script)
• ꦠꦴꦩꦿ (Javanese script)
• 𑂞𑂰𑂧𑂹𑂩 (Kaithi script)
• ತಾಮ್ರ (Kannada script)
• តាម្រ (Khmer script)
• ຕາມ຺ຣ (Lao script)
• താമ്ര (Malayalam script)
• ᢠᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠮᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘝𑘰𑘦𑘿𑘨 (Modi script)
• ᢐᠠᢗᠮᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦽𑧑𑧆𑧠𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐟𑐵𑐩𑑂𑐬 (Newa script)
• ତାମ୍ର (Odia script)
• ꢡꢵꢪ꣄ꢬ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆠𑆳𑆩𑇀𑆫 (Sharada script)
• 𑖝𑖯𑖦𑖿𑖨 (Siddham script)
• තාම්‍ර (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩫𑩛𑩴 𑪙𑩼 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚙𑚭𑚢𑚶𑚤 (Takri script)
• தாம்ர (Tamil script)
• తామ్ర (Telugu script)
• ตามฺร (Thai script)
• ཏཱ་མྲ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒞𑒰𑒧𑓂𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨙𑨊𑨢𑩇𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Related to तमस् (tamas, “gloom, darkness, obscurity”), as copper is a dark-colored metal, perhaps via a Proto-Indo-European form *tm̥H-ró-, with the long ā vowel perhaps stemming from analogical influence of forms in तम् (tam).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /tɑːm.ɾɐ́/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /t̪ɑːm.ɾɐ/

Noun

ताम्र • (tāmrá) stem, n

1. copper

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of ताम्र

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	ताम्रम् (tāmrám)	ताम्रे (tāmré)	ताम्राणि (tāmrā́ṇi) ताम्रा¹ (tāmrā́¹)
vocative	ताम्र (tā́mra)	ताम्रे (tā́mre)	ताम्राणि (tā́mrāṇi) ताम्रा¹ (tā́mrā¹)
accusative	ताम्रम् (tāmrám)	ताम्रे (tāmré)	ताम्राणि (tāmrā́ṇi) ताम्रा¹ (tāmrā́¹)
instrumental	ताम्रेण (tāmréṇa)	ताम्राभ्याम् (tāmrā́bhyām)	ताम्रैः (tāmraíḥ) ताम्रेभिः¹ (tāmrébhiḥ¹)
dative	ताम्राय (tāmrā́ya)	ताम्राभ्याम् (tāmrā́bhyām)	ताम्रेभ्यः (tāmrébhyaḥ)
ablative	ताम्रात् (tāmrā́t)	ताम्राभ्याम् (tāmrā́bhyām)	ताम्रेभ्यः (tāmrébhyaḥ)
genitive	ताम्रस्य (tāmrásya)	ताम्रयोः (tāmráyoḥ)	ताम्राणाम् (tāmrā́ṇām)
locative	ताम्रे (tāmré)	ताम्रयोः (tāmráyoḥ)	ताम्रेषु (tāmréṣu)

• ¹Vedic

Derived terms

• ताम्रपर्णी (tāmraparṇī)

Descendants

• Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀢𑀁𑀩 (taṃba)
  • Fiji Hindi: tamba
• Helu Prakrit:
  • Sinhalese: තඹ (taᵐba)
• Magadhi Prakrit:
  • Assamese: তাম (tam)
  • Bengali: তামা (tama)
    • → Atong (India): tama
  • Hajong: তামা
• Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀢𑀁𑀩 (taṃba)
  • Marathi: तांबे (tāmbe)
• Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀢𑀁𑀩 (taṃba)
  • Saurashtra: ꢡꢪ꣄ꢨꢾ (tambe)
  • Sindhi: ٽامو, टामो
  • Gujarati: તાંબું (tā̃bũ)
  • Hindustani:

    Hindi: ताँबा (tāmbā)

    Urdu: تانبا

  • Punjabi: ਤਾਂਬਾ (tāmbā)
• → Hindi: ताम्र (tāmra)
• → Kannada: ತಾಮ್ರ (tāmra)
• → Malayalam: താമ്ര (tāmra), താമ്രം (tāmraṁ)
• → Tulu: താംബ്ര (tāmbra)
• → Sindhi: टामो
• → Tamil: தாமிரம் (tāmiram)
• → Telugu: తామ్రము (tāmramu)
• ⇒ Sanskrit: ताम्रक (tāmraka)
  • → Javanese: tembaga
  • → Malay: tembaga
    • → Indonesian: tembaga
    • → Dutch: tombak
      • → Danish: tombak
      • → German: Tombak
      • → English: tombak, tombac
      • → French: tombac
      • → Italian: tombacco
      • → Pashto: ټومباک
      • → Portuguese: tambaque, tambaca
      • → Russian: томпа́к (tompák)
    • → Spanish: tumbaga
      • → English: tumbaga

See also

• तमर (tamara, “tin”)
• तामरस (tāmarasa, “the little egret heron or the day-lotus”)

Further reading

• “ताम्र” in Carl Cappeller, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary: Based upon the St. Petersburg Lexicons, Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, 1891, →OCLC, page 201, column 2.
• Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “ताम्र”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 108
• Monier Williams (1899) “ताम्र”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 443, column 1.