तमस
Appearance
Sanskrit
[edit]Alternative scripts
[edit]Alternative scripts
- তমস (Assamese script)
- ᬢᬫᬲ (Balinese script)
- তমস (Bengali script)
- 𑰝𑰦𑰭 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀢𑀫𑀲 (Brahmi script)
- တမသ (Burmese script)
- તમસ (Gujarati script)
- ਤਮਸ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌤𑌮𑌸 (Grantha script)
- ꦠꦩꦱ (Javanese script)
- 𑂞𑂧𑂮 (Kaithi script)
- ತಮಸ (Kannada script)
- តមស (Khmer script)
- ຕມສ (Lao script)
- തമസ (Malayalam script)
- ᢠᠠᠮᠠᠰ᠌ᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘝𑘦𑘭 (Modi script)
- ᢐᠠᠮᠠᠰᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦽𑧆𑧍 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐟𑐩𑐳 (Newa script)
- ତମସ (Odia script)
- ꢡꢪꢱ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆠𑆩𑆱 (Sharada script)
- 𑖝𑖦𑖭 (Siddham script)
- තමස (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩫𑩴𑪁 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚙𑚢𑚨 (Takri script)
- தமஸ (Tamil script)
- తమస (Telugu script)
- ตมส (Thai script)
- ཏ་མ་ས (Tibetan script)
- 𑒞𑒧𑒮 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨙𑨢𑨰 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-Iranian *tamHas-ás (“dark”), from Proto-Indo-European *temHes-ós. Cognate with Avestan 𐬙𐬆𐬨𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬀 (təmaŋha).
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]त॒म॒स • (tamasá) stem
- (Vedic) dark coloured, dark, darksome
- c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 11.9.22:
- ये च॒ धीरा॒ ये चाधी॑राः॒ परा॑ञ्चो बधि॒राश्च॒ ये
त॑म॒सा ये च॑ तूप॒रा अथो॑ बस्ताभिवा॒सिनः॑।
सर्वां॒स्ताँ अ॑र्बुदे॒ त्वम॒मित्रे॑भ्यो दृ॒शे कु॑रूदा॒रांश्च॒ प्र द॑र्शय ॥- yé ca dhī́rā yé cā́dhīrāḥ párāñco badhirā́śca yé
tamasā́ yé ca tūparā́ átho bastābhivāsínaḥ.
sárvāṃstā́m̐ arbude tvámamítrebhyo dṛśé kurūdārā́ṃśca prá darśaya. - The clever and the foolish ones, those who are twisted round, the deaf,
The dusky-hued, the hornless goats and those whose voice is like the buck's,
All these, O Arbudi, do thou make visible to our enemies: cause them to look on mists and fog.
- yé ca dhī́rā yé cā́dhīrāḥ párāñco badhirā́śca yé
- ये च॒ धीरा॒ ये चाधी॑राः॒ परा॑ञ्चो बधि॒राश्च॒ ये
Declension
[edit]singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | तमसः (tamasáḥ) | तमसौ (tamasaú) तमसा¹ (tamasā́¹) |
तमसाः (tamasā́ḥ) तमसासः¹ (tamasā́saḥ¹) |
vocative | तमस (támasa) | तमसौ (támasau) तमसा¹ (támasā¹) |
तमसाः (támasāḥ) तमसासः¹ (támasāsaḥ¹) |
accusative | तमसम् (tamasám) | तमसौ (tamasaú) तमसा¹ (tamasā́¹) |
तमसान् (tamasā́n) |
instrumental | तमसेन (tamaséna) | तमसाभ्याम् (tamasā́bhyām) | तमसैः (tamasaíḥ) तमसेभिः¹ (tamasébhiḥ¹) |
dative | तमसाय (tamasā́ya) | तमसाभ्याम् (tamasā́bhyām) | तमसेभ्यः (tamasébhyaḥ) |
ablative | तमसात् (tamasā́t) | तमसाभ्याम् (tamasā́bhyām) | तमसेभ्यः (tamasébhyaḥ) |
genitive | तमसस्य (tamasásya) | तमसयोः (tamasáyoḥ) | तमसानाम् (tamasā́nām) |
locative | तमसे (tamasé) | तमसयोः (tamasáyoḥ) | तमसेषु (tamaséṣu) |
- ¹Vedic
singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | तमसा (tamasā́) | तमसे (tamasé) | तमसाः (tamasā́ḥ) |
vocative | तमसे (támase) | तमसे (támase) | तमसाः (támasāḥ) |
accusative | तमसाम् (tamasā́m) | तमसे (tamasé) | तमसाः (tamasā́ḥ) |
instrumental | तमसया (tamasáyā) तमसा¹ (tamasā́¹) |
तमसाभ्याम् (tamasā́bhyām) | तमसाभिः (tamasā́bhiḥ) |
dative | तमसायै (tamasā́yai) | तमसाभ्याम् (tamasā́bhyām) | तमसाभ्यः (tamasā́bhyaḥ) |
ablative | तमसायाः (tamasā́yāḥ) तमसायै² (tamasā́yai²) |
तमसाभ्याम् (tamasā́bhyām) | तमसाभ्यः (tamasā́bhyaḥ) |
genitive | तमसायाः (tamasā́yāḥ) तमसायै² (tamasā́yai²) |
तमसयोः (tamasáyoḥ) | तमसानाम् (tamasā́nām) |
locative | तमसायाम् (tamasā́yām) | तमसयोः (tamasáyoḥ) | तमसासु (tamasā́su) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | तमसम् (tamasám) | तमसे (tamasé) | तमसानि (tamasā́ni) तमसा¹ (tamasā́¹) |
vocative | तमस (támasa) | तमसे (támase) | तमसानि (támasāni) तमसा¹ (támasā¹) |
accusative | तमसम् (tamasám) | तमसे (tamasé) | तमसानि (tamasā́ni) तमसा¹ (tamasā́¹) |
instrumental | तमसेन (tamaséna) | तमसाभ्याम् (tamasā́bhyām) | तमसैः (tamasaíḥ) तमसेभिः¹ (tamasébhiḥ¹) |
dative | तमसाय (tamasā́ya) | तमसाभ्याम् (tamasā́bhyām) | तमसेभ्यः (tamasébhyaḥ) |
ablative | तमसात् (tamasā́t) | तमसाभ्याम् (tamasā́bhyām) | तमसेभ्यः (tamasébhyaḥ) |
genitive | तमसस्य (tamasásya) | तमसयोः (tamasáyoḥ) | तमसानाम् (tamasā́nām) |
locative | तमसे (tamasé) | तमसयोः (tamasáyoḥ) | तमसेषु (tamaséṣu) |
- ¹Vedic
Categories:
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit adjectives
- Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script
- Vedic Sanskrit
- Sanskrit terms with quotations
- Sanskrit a-stem adjectives