जनि

Braj

Etymology

From Sanskrit यथा न (yathā na). Equivalent in function to Hindi मत (mat).

Particle

जनि (jani)

1. do not

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• জনি (Assamese script)
• ᬚᬦᬶ (Balinese script)
• জনি (Bengali script)
• 𑰕𑰡𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀚𑀦𑀺 (Brahmi script)
• ဇနိ (Burmese script)
• જનિ (Gujarati script)
• ਜਨਿ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌜𑌨𑌿 (Grantha script)
• ꦗꦤꦶ (Javanese script)
• 𑂔𑂢𑂱 (Kaithi script)
• ಜನಿ (Kannada script)
• ជនិ (Khmer script)
• ຊນິ (Lao script)
• ജനി (Malayalam script)
• ᡯᠠᠨᡳ (Manchu script)
• 𑘕𑘡𑘱 (Modi script)
• ᠽᠠᠨᠢ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦵𑧁𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐖𑐣𑐶 (Newa script)
• ଜନି (Odia script)
• ꢙꢥꢶ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆘𑆤𑆴 (Sharada script)
• 𑖕𑖡𑖰 (Siddham script)
• ජනි (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩣𑩯𑩑 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚑𑚝𑚮 (Takri script)
• ஜநி (Tamil script)
• జని (Telugu script)
• ชนิ (Thai script)
• ཛ་ནི (Tibetan script)
• 𑒖𑒢𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨥𑨝𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

The sense “woman” is from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ǰánHiš, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷḗn (“woman”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬘𐬇𐬥𐬌 (jə̄ni), 𐬘𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬌 (jaⁱni, “woman”), Persian زن (zan), Central Kurdish ژن (jin), Ancient Greek γῠνή (gŭnḗ) (whence English gyno-), English queen. Doublet of ग्ना (gnā́).

The sense “birth”, which has been conflated with the word for “woman”, is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to give birth”), whence also जन (jana, “people”), जनस् (janas, “race”), जनिमन् (janiman, “birth”), etc.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /d͡ʑɐ́.ni/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /d͡ʑɐ.n̪i/

Noun

जनि • (jáni) stem, f

1. woman, wife
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda
2. birth, production
3. (botany) a kind of fragrant plant
4. mother
5. birth, i.e. life
6. birthplace

Declension

Feminine i-stem declension of जनि

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	जनिः (jániḥ)	जनी (jánī)	जनयः (jánayaḥ)
vocative	जने (jáne)	जनी (jánī)	जनयः (jánayaḥ)
accusative	जनिम् (jánim)	जनी (jánī)	जनीः (jánīḥ)
instrumental	जन्या (jányā) जनी¹ (jánī¹)	जनिभ्याम् (jánibhyām)	जनिभिः (jánibhiḥ)
dative	जनये (jánaye) जन्यै² (jányai²) जनी¹ (jánī¹)	जनिभ्याम् (jánibhyām)	जनिभ्यः (jánibhyaḥ)
ablative	जनेः (jáneḥ) जन्याः² (jányāḥ²) जन्यै³ (jányai³)	जनिभ्याम् (jánibhyām)	जनिभ्यः (jánibhyaḥ)
genitive	जन्युर् (jányur)	जन्योः (jányoḥ)	जनीनाम् (jánīnām)
locative	जनौ (jánau) जन्याम्² (jányām²) जना¹ (jánā¹)	जन्योः (jányoḥ)	जनिषु (jániṣu)

• ¹Vedic
• ²Later Sanskrit
• ³Brāhmaṇas

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “जनि”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 411.