चौकन्ना
Hindi
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Prakrit 𑀘𑀉𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡 (caükkaṇṇa) + Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀓- (-ka-), from Sanskrit चतुष्कर्ण (catuṣkarṇa, “four-eared; having four ears”).[1][2][3]
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]चौकन्ना • (caukannā) (Urdu spelling چَوکَنّا)
- alert, vigilant, watchful, on guard
- Synonyms: चौकस (caukas), होशियार (hośiyār), सावधान (sāvdhān), सचेत (sacet), सतर्क (satark), सजग (sajag)
- 1980, Krishna Baldev Vaid, दर्द ला दवा [dard lā davā, Pain without cure][1], Sambhavna Prakashan, page 36:
- चेतना जब चौकन्नी हो जाती है तो उसे चारों तरफ़ मामूलियत की फीकी चमक के सिवा कुछ नज़र नहीं आता।
- cetnā jab caukannī ho jātī hai to use cārõ taraf māmūliyat kī phīkī camak ke sivā kuch nazar nahī̃ ātā.
- When the consciousness becomes alert, it sees nothing but a faint glow of modesty all around.
- 2011, अमर क्रांतिवीर : चंद्रशेखर आज़ाद [amar krāntivīr : candraśekhar āzād, Immortal brave revolutionary : Chandrashekhar Azad], Prabhat Prakashan, →ISBN, page 107:
- तीनों पुलिसवालों ने कांस्टेबलों को साथ ले जाना उचित न समझा। सोचा कि पुलिया पर अधिक आदमी छिप न पाएँगे। अधिक आदमी देखकर आज़ाद चौकन्ने हो जाएँगे।
- tīnõ pulisvālõ ne kānsṭeblõ ko sāth le jānā ucit na samjhā. socā ki puliyā par adhik ādmī chip na pāeṅge. adhik ādmī dekhkar āzād caukanne ho jāeṅge.
- The three policemen did not consider it right to take the constables along. They thought that more men would not be able to hide on the small bridge. On seeing more men, Azad would become on guard.
Declension
[edit]Declension of चौकन्ना (ā-stem)
References
[edit]- ^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “catuṣkarṇa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 251
- ^ “चौकन्ना”, in हिन्दी-व्युत्पत्ति-कोश: हिन्दी भाषा का तुलनात्मक एवं व्युत्पत्तिमूलक कोश [Hindi etymological dictionary: Comparative and etymology-based dictionary of Hindi language] (in Hindi), Indo Vision, 1985, page 90
- ^ “चउक्कण्ण”, in Bhāshā - Volume 41 (in Hindi), 2001, page 45
Further reading
[edit]- Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “चौकन्ना”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha, page 1592
- Platts, John T. (1884) “चौकन्ना”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co., page 452
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “चौकन्ना”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press, page 332
- Bahri, Hardev (1989) “चौकन्ना”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons, page 205.
- Caturvedi, Mahendra, Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970) “चौकन्ना”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House, page 219
- “चौकन्ना”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.