गोपाल

Hindi

Alternative forms

• गुपाल (gupāl)

Etymology

From Sanskrit गोपाल (gopāla). Doublet of ग्वाला (gvālā).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /ɡoː.pɑːl/, [ɡoː.päːl]

Noun

गोपाल • (gopāl) m

1. a cowherd
2. protector of the earth: a king
3. a title of Krishna

Proper noun

गोपाल • (gopāl) m

1. a male given name, Gopal, from Sanskrit

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• গোপাল (Assamese script)
• ᬕᭀᬧᬵᬮ (Balinese script)
• গোপাল (Bengali script)
• 𑰐𑰺𑰢𑰯𑰩 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀕𑁄𑀧𑀸𑀮 (Brahmi script)
• ဂေါပါလ (Burmese script)
• ગોપાલ (Gujarati script)
• ਗੋਪਾਲ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌗𑍋𑌪𑌾𑌲 (Grantha script)
• ꦒꦺꦴꦥꦴꦭ (Javanese script)
• 𑂏𑂷𑂣𑂰𑂪 (Kaithi script)
• ಗೋಪಾಲ (Kannada script)
• គោបាល (Khmer script)
• ໂຄປາລ (Lao script)
• ഗോപാല (Malayalam script)
• ᡤᠣᢒᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠯᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘐𑘻𑘢𑘰𑘩 (Modi script)
• ᠺᠣᠸᠠᢒᠠᢗᠯᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦰𑧜𑧂𑧑𑧉 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐐𑑀𑐥𑐵𑐮 (Newa script)
• ଗୋପାଲ (Odia script)
• ꢔꣂꢦꢵꢭ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆓𑆾𑆥𑆳𑆬 (Sharada script)
• 𑖐𑖺𑖢𑖯𑖩 (Siddham script)
• ගොපාල (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩞𑩕𑩰𑩛𑩽 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚌𑚴𑚞𑚭𑚥 (Takri script)
• கே³ாபால (Tamil script)
• గోపాల (Telugu script)
• โคปาล (Thai script)
• གོ་པཱ་ལ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒑𑒼𑒣𑒰𑒪 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨍𑨆𑨞𑨊𑨬 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

गो (gó, “cow, cattle, kine”) +‎ पाल (pāla, “protector, guard”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɡɐw.pɑː.lɐ́/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɡoːˈpɑː.l̪ɐ/

Noun

गोपाल • (gopālá) stem, m

1. a cowherd
   • c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Śukla-Yajurveda (Vājasenayi Saṃhitā)
   • c. 700 BCE, Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa 4.1.5:

     शर्यातो ह वा ईक्षां चक्रे । यत्किमकरं तस्मादिदमापदीति स गोपालांश्चाविपालांश्च संह्वयितवा उवाच । स होवाच । को वोऽद्येह किंचिदद्राक्षीदिति ते होचुः पुरुष एवायं जीर्णिः कृत्यारूपः शेते तमनर्थ्यं मन्यमानाः कुमारा लोष्टैर्व्यपिक्षन्निति स विदांचकार स वै च्यवन इति ।

     śaryāto ha vā īkṣāṃ cakre. yatkimakaraṃ tasmādidamāpadīti sa gopālāṃścāvipālāṃśca saṃhvayitavā uvāca. sa hovāca. ko voʼdyeha kiṃcidadrākṣīditi te hocuḥ puruṣa evāyaṃ jīrṇiḥ kṛtyārūpaḥ śete tamanarthyaṃ manyamānāḥ kumārā loṣṭairvyapikṣanniti sa vidāṃcakāra sa vai cyavana iti.

     Śaryāta then bethought him, "This has come to pass for something or other I have done!" He called the cowherds and shepherds together, and said: "Which of you has seen anything here to-day?" They said, "Yonder lies a man, decrepit and ghostlike: him the boys have pelted with clods, setting him at nought." Then Śaryāta knew that this was Cyavana.

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of गोपाल (gopālá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	गोपालः gopāláḥ	गोपालौ / गोपाला¹ gopālaú / gopālā́¹	गोपालाः / गोपालासः¹ gopālā́ḥ / gopālā́saḥ¹
Vocative	गोपाल gópāla	गोपालौ / गोपाला¹ gópālau / gópālā¹	गोपालाः / गोपालासः¹ gópālāḥ / gópālāsaḥ¹
Accusative	गोपालम् gopālám	गोपालौ / गोपाला¹ gopālaú / gopālā́¹	गोपालान् gopālā́n
Instrumental	गोपालेन gopāléna	गोपालाभ्याम् gopālā́bhyām	गोपालैः / गोपालेभिः¹ gopālaíḥ / gopālébhiḥ¹
Dative	गोपालाय gopālā́ya	गोपालाभ्याम् gopālā́bhyām	गोपालेभ्यः gopālébhyaḥ
Ablative	गोपालात् gopālā́t	गोपालाभ्याम् gopālā́bhyām	गोपालेभ्यः gopālébhyaḥ
Genitive	गोपालस्य gopālásya	गोपालयोः gopāláyoḥ	गोपालानाम् gopālā́nām
Locative	गोपाले gopālé	गोपालयोः gopāláyoḥ	गोपालेषु gopāléṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• Pali: gopāla
• Niya Prakrit: 𐨒𐨆𐨬𐨫 (govala)
• Prakrit: 𑀕𑁄𑀯𑀸𑀮 (govāla), 𑀕𑁄𑀯𑀸𑀮𑀅 (govālaa)
  • Assamese: গোৱাল (güal), গুৱাল (gual)
  • Bengali: গোয়ালা (gōẇala)
  • Gujarati: ગોવાળ (govāḷ)
  • Hindi: ग्वाला (gvālā)
  • Maithili: गोआर (gōār)
  • Marathi: गोवळा (govḷā)
  • → Kannada: ಗೊಲ್ಲ (golla)
• → Kannada: ಗೋಪಾಲ (gōpāla)
• → Tamil: கோபாலன் (kōpālaṉ)
• → Telugu: గోపాలుడు (gōpāluḍu)
• → Thai: โคบาล

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “गोपाल”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0365/2.