गोपाल

Hindi

Alternative forms

• गुपाल (gupāl)

Etymology

From Sanskrit गोपाल (gopāla). Doublet of ग्वाला (gvālā).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /ɡoː.pɑːl/, [ɡoː.päːl]

Noun

गोपाल • (gopāl) m

1. a cowherd
2. protector of the earth: a king
3. a title of Krishna

Proper noun

गोपाल • (gopāl) m

1. a male given name, Gopal, from Sanskrit

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• গোপাল (Assamese script)
• ᬕᭀᬧᬵᬮ (Balinese script)
• গোপাল (Bengali script)
• 𑰐𑰺𑰢𑰯𑰩 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀕𑁄𑀧𑀸𑀮 (Brahmi script)
• ဂေါပါလ (Burmese script)
• ગોપાલ (Gujarati script)
• ਗੋਪਾਲ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌗𑍋𑌪𑌾𑌲 (Grantha script)
• ꦒꦺꦴꦥꦴꦭ (Javanese script)
• 𑂏𑂷𑂣𑂰𑂪 (Kaithi script)
• ಗೋಪಾಲ (Kannada script)
• គោបាល (Khmer script)
• ໂຄປາລ (Lao script)
• ഗോപാല (Malayalam script)
• ᡤᠣᢒᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠯᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘐𑘻𑘢𑘰𑘩 (Modi script)
• ᠺᠣᠸᠠᢒᠠᢗᠯᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦰𑧜𑧂𑧑𑧉 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐐𑑀𑐥𑐵𑐮 (Newa script)
• ଗୋପାଲ (Odia script)
• ꢔꣂꢦꢵꢭ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆓𑆾𑆥𑆳𑆬 (Sharada script)
• 𑖐𑖺𑖢𑖯𑖩 (Siddham script)
• ගොපාල (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩞𑩕𑩰𑩛𑩽 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚌𑚴𑚞𑚭𑚥 (Takri script)
• கே³ாபால (Tamil script)
• గోపాల (Telugu script)
• โคปาล (Thai script)
• གོ་པཱ་ལ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒑𑒼𑒣𑒰𑒪 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨍𑨆𑨞𑨊𑨬 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

गो (gó, “cow, cattle, kine”) +‎ पाल (pāla, “protector, guard”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɡɐw.pɑː.lɐ́/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɡoː.pɑː.l̪ɐ/

Noun

गोपाल • (gopālá) stem, m

1. a cowherd
   • c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Śukla-Yajurveda (Vājasenayi Saṃhitā)
   • c. 700 BCE, Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa 4.1.5:

     शर्यातो ह वा ईक्षां चक्रे । यत्किमकरं तस्मादिदमापदीति स गोपालांश्चाविपालांश्च संह्वयितवा उवाच । स होवाच । को वोऽद्येह किंचिदद्राक्षीदिति ते होचुः पुरुष एवायं जीर्णिः कृत्यारूपः शेते तमनर्थ्यं मन्यमानाः कुमारा लोष्टैर्व्यपिक्षन्निति स विदांचकार स वै च्यवन इति ।

     śaryāto ha vā īkṣāṃ cakre. yatkimakaraṃ tasmādidamāpadīti sa gopālāṃścāvipālāṃśca saṃhvayitavā uvāca. sa hovāca. ko voʼdyeha kiṃcidadrākṣīditi te hocuḥ puruṣa evāyaṃ jīrṇiḥ kṛtyārūpaḥ śete tamanarthyaṃ manyamānāḥ kumārā loṣṭairvyapikṣanniti sa vidāṃcakāra sa vai cyavana iti.

     Śaryāta then bethought him, "This has come to pass for something or other I have done!" He called the cowherds and shepherds together, and said: "Which of you has seen anything here to-day?" They said, "Yonder lies a man, decrepit and ghostlike: him the boys have pelted with clods, setting him at nought." Then Śaryāta knew that this was Cyavana.

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of गोपाल

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	गोपालः (gopāláḥ)	गोपालौ (gopālaú) गोपाला¹ (gopālā́¹)	गोपालाः (gopālā́ḥ) गोपालासः¹ (gopālā́saḥ¹)
vocative	गोपाल (gópāla)	गोपालौ (gópālau) गोपाला¹ (gópālā¹)	गोपालाः (gópālāḥ) गोपालासः¹ (gópālāsaḥ¹)
accusative	गोपालम् (gopālám)	गोपालौ (gopālaú) गोपाला¹ (gopālā́¹)	गोपालान् (gopālā́n)
instrumental	गोपालेन (gopāléna)	गोपालाभ्याम् (gopālā́bhyām)	गोपालैः (gopālaíḥ) गोपालेभिः¹ (gopālébhiḥ¹)
dative	गोपालाय (gopālā́ya)	गोपालाभ्याम् (gopālā́bhyām)	गोपालेभ्यः (gopālébhyaḥ)
ablative	गोपालात् (gopālā́t)	गोपालाभ्याम् (gopālā́bhyām)	गोपालेभ्यः (gopālébhyaḥ)
genitive	गोपालस्य (gopālásya)	गोपालयोः (gopāláyoḥ)	गोपालानाम् (gopālā́nām)
locative	गोपाले (gopālé)	गोपालयोः (gopāláyoḥ)	गोपालेषु (gopāléṣu)

• ¹Vedic

Descendants

• Pali: gopāla
• Niya Prakrit: 𐨒𐨆𐨬𐨫 (govala)
• Prakrit: 𑀕𑁄𑀯𑀸𑀮 (govāla), 𑀕𑁄𑀯𑀸𑀮𑀅 (govālaa)
  • Assamese: গোৱাল (güal), গুৱাল (gual)
  • Bengali: গোয়ালা (gōẇala)
  • Gujarati: ગોવાળ (govāḷ)
  • Hindi: ग्वाला (gvālā)
  • Maithili: गोआर (gōār)
  • Marathi: गोवळा (govḷā)
  • → Kannada: ಗೊಲ್ಲ (golla)
• → Kannada: ಗೋಪಾಲ (gōpāla)
• → Tamil: கோபாலன் (kōpālaṉ)
• → Telugu: గోపాలుడు (gōpāluḍu)
• → Thai: โคบาล

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “गोपाल”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0365/2.