गाढ

See also: गढ़, गढ़ा, गढी, गढ़ी, गाढा, गाढ़ा, गुढें, गूढ, and गूढ़ा

Marathi

Etymology

Inherited from Old Marathi 𑘐𑘰𑘛 (gāḍha), from Maharastri Prakrit 𑀕𑀸𑀠 (gāḍha), from Sanskrit गाढ (gāḍha), from the root गाह् (gāh). Cognate with Gujarati ગાઢું (gāḍhũ), Hindustani گَاڑَھا (gāṛhā) / गाढ़ा (gāṛhā), Sindhi ڳاڙهو / ॻाढ़ो, Nepali गाढा (gāḍhā), Kholosi gahro.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡaɖʱ/

Adverb

गाढ • (gāḍh)

1. deeply

   गाढ झोपणे ― gāḍh jhopṇe ― to sleep soundly

Further reading

• Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “गाढ”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
• Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “गाढ”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
• दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950) “गाढ”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ).

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• গাঢ (Assamese script)
• ᬕᬵᬠ (Balinese script)
• গাঢ (Bengali script)
• 𑰐𑰯𑰛 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀕𑀸𑀠 (Brahmi script)
• ဂါဎ (Burmese script)
• ગાઢ (Gujarati script)
• ਗਾਢ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌗𑌾𑌢 (Grantha script)
• ꦒꦴꦞ (Javanese script)
• 𑂏𑂰𑂛 (Kaithi script)
• ಗಾಢ (Kannada script)
• គាឍ (Khmer script)
• ຄາຒ (Lao script)
• ഗാഢ (Malayalam script)
• ᡤᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᢟᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘐𑘰𑘛 (Modi script)
• ᠺᠠᢗᢎᠾᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦰𑧑𑦻 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐐𑐵𑐝 (Newa script)
• ଗାଢ (Odia script)
• ꢔꢵꢟ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆓𑆳𑆞 (Sharada script)
• 𑖐𑖯𑖛 (Siddham script)
• ගාඪ (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩞𑩛𑩩 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚌𑚭𑚗 (Takri script)
• க³ாட⁴ (Tamil script)
• గాఢ (Telugu script)
• คาฒ (Thai script)
• གཱ་ཌྷ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒑𑒰𑒜 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨍𑨊𑨗 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Derived from the root गाह् (gāh).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɡɑː.ɖʱɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɡɑː.ɖʱɐ/

Adjective

गाढ • (gāḍha) stem (root गाह्)

1. dived into, bathed in
2. deeply entered, pressed together, tightly drawn, closely fastened, close, fast
3. thick, dense
4. strong, vehement, firm
5. very much, excessive, heavy

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of गाढ

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	गाढः (gāḍhaḥ)	गाढौ (gāḍhau) गाढा¹ (gāḍhā¹)	गाढाः (gāḍhāḥ) गाढासः¹ (gāḍhāsaḥ¹)
vocative	गाढ (gāḍha)	गाढौ (gāḍhau) गाढा¹ (gāḍhā¹)	गाढाः (gāḍhāḥ) गाढासः¹ (gāḍhāsaḥ¹)
accusative	गाढम् (gāḍham)	गाढौ (gāḍhau) गाढा¹ (gāḍhā¹)	गाढान् (gāḍhān)
instrumental	गाढेन (gāḍhena)	गाढाभ्याम् (gāḍhābhyām)	गाढैः (gāḍhaiḥ) गाढेभिः¹ (gāḍhebhiḥ¹)
dative	गाढाय (gāḍhāya)	गाढाभ्याम् (gāḍhābhyām)	गाढेभ्यः (gāḍhebhyaḥ)
ablative	गाढात् (gāḍhāt)	गाढाभ्याम् (gāḍhābhyām)	गाढेभ्यः (gāḍhebhyaḥ)
genitive	गाढस्य (gāḍhasya)	गाढयोः (gāḍhayoḥ)	गाढानाम् (gāḍhānām)
locative	गाढे (gāḍhe)	गाढयोः (gāḍhayoḥ)	गाढेषु (gāḍheṣu)

• ¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of गाढा

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	गाढा (gāḍhā)	गाढे (gāḍhe)	गाढाः (gāḍhāḥ)
vocative	गाढे (gāḍhe)	गाढे (gāḍhe)	गाढाः (gāḍhāḥ)
accusative	गाढाम् (gāḍhām)	गाढे (gāḍhe)	गाढाः (gāḍhāḥ)
instrumental	गाढया (gāḍhayā) गाढा¹ (gāḍhā¹)	गाढाभ्याम् (gāḍhābhyām)	गाढाभिः (gāḍhābhiḥ)
dative	गाढायै (gāḍhāyai)	गाढाभ्याम् (gāḍhābhyām)	गाढाभ्यः (gāḍhābhyaḥ)
ablative	गाढायाः (gāḍhāyāḥ) गाढायै² (gāḍhāyai²)	गाढाभ्याम् (gāḍhābhyām)	गाढाभ्यः (gāḍhābhyaḥ)
genitive	गाढायाः (gāḍhāyāḥ) गाढायै² (gāḍhāyai²)	गाढयोः (gāḍhayoḥ)	गाढानाम् (gāḍhānām)
locative	गाढायाम् (gāḍhāyām)	गाढयोः (gāḍhayoḥ)	गाढासु (gāḍhāsu)

• ¹Vedic
• ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of गाढ

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	गाढम् (gāḍham)	गाढे (gāḍhe)	गाढानि (gāḍhāni) गाढा¹ (gāḍhā¹)
vocative	गाढ (gāḍha)	गाढे (gāḍhe)	गाढानि (gāḍhāni) गाढा¹ (gāḍhā¹)
accusative	गाढम् (gāḍham)	गाढे (gāḍhe)	गाढानि (gāḍhāni) गाढा¹ (gāḍhā¹)
instrumental	गाढेन (gāḍhena)	गाढाभ्याम् (gāḍhābhyām)	गाढैः (gāḍhaiḥ) गाढेभिः¹ (gāḍhebhiḥ¹)
dative	गाढाय (gāḍhāya)	गाढाभ्याम् (gāḍhābhyām)	गाढेभ्यः (gāḍhebhyaḥ)
ablative	गाढात् (gāḍhāt)	गाढाभ्याम् (gāḍhābhyām)	गाढेभ्यः (gāḍhebhyaḥ)
genitive	गाढस्य (gāḍhasya)	गाढयोः (gāḍhayoḥ)	गाढानाम् (gāḍhānām)
locative	गाढे (gāḍhe)	गाढयोः (gāḍhayoḥ)	गाढेषु (gāḍheṣu)

• ¹Vedic

Descendants

• Ashokan Prakrit:
  • Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀕𑀸𑀠 (gāḍha)
    • Old Marathi: 𑘐𑘰𑘛 (gāḍha)
      • Marathi: गाढ (gāḍh)
  • Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀕𑀸𑀠 (gāḍha)
    • Gurjara Apabhramsa:
      • Gujarati: ગાઢું (gāḍhũ)
    • Sauraseni Apabhramsa:
      • Hindustani:

        Hindi: गाढ़ा (gāṛhā)

        Urdu: گَاڑَھا (gāṛhā)

  • Khasa Prakrit:
    • Nepali: गाढा (gāḍhā)
  • Paisaci Prakrit:
    • Vracada Apabhramsa:
      • Kholosi: gahro
      • Sindhi:

        Arabic script: ڳاڙهو

        Devanagari script: ॻाढ़ो

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “गाढ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 354, column 3.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “gāḍha”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press