कप्नु

Nepali

Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit कल्पयति (kalpayati).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kʌpnu]
• Phonetic Devanagari: कप्नु

Verb

कप्नु • (kapnu) (transitive)

1. to cut, hew, chisel, carve

Conjugation

Conjugation of कप्नु [kʌpnu]

Information
Stem			कप्- [kʌp-]
Conjugation type			1st conjugation: consonant-ending stem, regular.
Non-finite forms
Infinitives			कप्नु [kʌpnu] कप्न‍ [kʌpnʌ]
Participles			Affirmative (+)	Negative (–)
	Conjunctive		कपेर [kʌpeɾʌ] कपी [kʌpi] कपीकन‍ [kʌpikʌnʌ]	नकपेर‍ [nʌ ͜ kʌpeɾʌ] नकपी [nʌ ͜ kʌpi] नकपीकन‍ [nʌ ͜ kʌpikʌnʌ]
	1st Perfect	m. sing.	कपेको [kʌpeko]	नकपेको [nʌ ͜ kʌpeko]
		f. sing.	कपेकी [kʌpeki]	नकपेकी [nʌ ͜ kʌpeki]
		pl.	कपेका [kʌpekä]	नकपेका [nʌ ͜ kʌpekä]
		high-resp.	कप्नुभएको [kʌpnu ͜ bʱʌeko]	नकप्नुभएको [nʌ ͜ kʌpnu ͜ bʱʌeko]
	2nd Perfect	normal	कपे [kʌpe]	नकपे [nʌ ͜ kʌpe]
		high-resp.	कप्नुभए [kʌpnu ͜ bʱʌe]	नकप्नुभए [nʌ ͜ kʌpnu ͜ bʱʌe]
	Imperfect	normal	कप्दा [kʌp̚d̪ä] कप्दै [kʌp̚d̪ʌi̯] कप्दो [kʌp̚d̪o]	नकप्दा [nʌ ͜ kʌp̚d̪ä] नकप्दै [nʌ ͜ kʌp̚d̪ʌi̯] नकप्दो [nʌ ͜ kʌp̚d̪o]
		high-resp.	कप्नुहुँदा [kʌpnuɦũd̪ä] कप्नुहुँदै [kʌpnuɦũd̪ʌi̯] कप्नुहुँदो [kʌpnuɦũd̪o]	नकप्नुहुँदा [nʌ ͜ kʌpnuɦũd̪ä] नकप्नुहुँदै [nʌ ͜ kʌpnuɦũd̪ʌi̯] नकप्नुहुँदो [nʌ ͜ kʌpnuɦũd̪o]
	Infinitival	normal	कप्ने [kʌpne]	नकप्ने [nʌ ͜ kʌpne]
		high-resp.	कप्नुहुने [kʌpnuɦune]	नकप्नुहुने [nʌ ͜ kʌpnuɦune]
	Absolutive		कपि [kʌpi]

Finite forms of कप्नु [kʌpnu]
Person			1st				2nd				3rd				2nd & 3rd
Pronoun			म SING.		हामी PL.		तँ LOW-RESP. SING.		तिमी MID-RESP.		ऊ LOW-RESP. SING.		उनी MID-RESP.		तपाईं / ऊहाँ HIGH-RESP.
			m	f	m	f	m	f	m	f	m	f	m	f
Present		+	कप्छु [kʌp̚t͡sʰu]		कप्छौं [kʌp̚t͡sʰʌ̃ũ̯]		कप्छस् [kʌp̚t͡sʰʌs]	कप्छेस् [kʌp̚t͡sʰes]	कप्छौ [kʌp̚t͡sʰʌu̯]	कप्छ्यौ [kʌp̚t͡sʰeu̯]	कप्छ [kʌp̚t͡sʰʌʌ]	कप्छे [kʌp̚t͡sʰe]	कप्छन् [kʌp̚t͡sʰʌn]	कप्छिन् [kʌp̚t͡sʰin]	कप्नुहुन्छ [kʌpnuɦunt͡sʰʌ]
		–	कप्दिनँ [kʌp̚d̪inʌ̃]		कप्दैनौं [kʌp̚d̪ʌi̯nʌ̃ũ̯]		कप्दैनस् [kʌp̚d̪ʌi̯nʌs]	कप्दिनेस् [kʌp̚d̪ines]	कप्दैनौ [kʌp̚d̪ʌi̯nʌu̯]	कप्दिनौ [kʌp̚d̪inʌu̯]	कप्दैन [kʌp̚d̪ʌi̯nʌ]	कप्दिने [kʌp̚d̪ine]	कप्दैनन् [kʌp̚d̪ʌi̯nʌn]	कप्दिनन् [kʌp̚d̪inʌn]	कप्नुहुँदैन [kʌpnuɦũd̪ʌi̯nʌ]
Past	Simple	+	कपें [kʌpẽ]		कप्यौं [kʌpẽũ̯]		कपिस् [kʌpis]		कप्यौ [kʌpeu̯]		कप्यो [kʌpjo]	कपी [kʌpi]	कपे [kʌpe]	कपिन् [kʌpin]	कप्नुभयो [kʌpnu ͜ bʱʌjo]
		–	कपिनँ [kʌpinʌ̃]		कपेनौं [kʌpenʌ̃ũ̯]		कपेनस् [kʌpenʌs]	कपिनेस् [kʌpines]	कपेनौ [kʌpenʌu̯]		कपेन [kʌpenʌ]	कपिने [kʌpine]	कपेनन् [kʌpenʌn]	कपिनन् [kʌpinʌn]	कप्नुभएन [kʌpnu ͜ bʱʌenʌ]
	Habitual	+	कप्थें [kʌp̚t̪ʰẽ]		कप्थ्यौं [kʌp̚t̪ʰẽũ̯]		कप्थिस् [kʌp̚t̪ʰis]		कप्थ्यौ [kʌp̚t̪ʰeu̯]		कप्थ्यो [kʌp̚t̪ʰjo]	कप्थी [kʌp̚t̪ʰi]	कप्थे [kʌp̚t̪ʰe]	कप्थिन् [kʌp̚t̪ʰin]	कप्नुहुन्थ्यो [kʌpnuɦun̪t̪ʰjo]
		–	कप्दिनथें [kʌp̚d̪inʌt̪ʰẽ]		कप्दैनथ्यौं [kʌp̚d̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰẽũ̯]		कप्दैनथिस् [kʌp̚d̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰis]	कप्दिनथिस् [kʌp̚d̪inʌt̪ʰis]	कप्दैनथ्यौ [kʌp̚d̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰeu̯]	कप्दिनथ्यौ [kʌp̚d̪inʌt̪ʰeu̯]	कप्दैनथ्यो [kʌp̚d̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰjo]	कप्दैनथी [kʌp̚d̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰi]	कप्दैनथे [kʌp̚d̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰe]	कप्दिनथिन् [kʌp̚d̪inʌt̪ʰin]	कप्नुहुँदैनथ्यो [kʌpnuɦũd̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰjo]
	Unknown	+	कपेछु [kʌpet͡sʰu]	कपिछु [kʌpit͡sʰu]	कपेछौं [kʌpet͡sʰʌ̃ũ̯]		कपेछस् [kʌpet͡sʰʌs]	कपिछेस् [kʌpit͡sʰes]	कपेछौ [kʌpet͡sʰʌu̯]		कपेछ [kʌpet͡sʰʌ]	कपिछे [kʌpit͡sʰe]	कपेछन् [kʌpet͡sʰʌn]	कपिछिन् [kʌpit͡sʰin]	कप्नुभएछ [kʌpnu ͜ bʱʌet͡sʰʌ]
		–	कपेनछु [kʌpenʌt͡sʰu]	कपिनछु [kʌpinʌt͡sʰu]	कपेनछौं [kʌpenʌt͡sʰʌ̃ũ̯]		कपेनछस् [kʌpenʌt͡sʰʌs]	कपिनछेस् [kʌpinʌt͡sʰes]	कपेनछौ [kʌpenʌt͡sʰʌu̯]		कपेनछ [kʌpenʌt͡sʰʌ]	कपिनछे [kʌpinʌt͡sʰe]	कपेनछन् [kʌpenʌt͡sʰʌn]	कपिनछिन् [kʌpinʌt͡sʰin]	कप्नुभएनछ [kʌpnu ͜ bʱʌenʌt͡sʰʌ]
Future	Definite	+	कप्नेछु [kʌpnet͡sʰu]		कप्नेछौं [kʌpnet͡sʰʌ̃ũ̯]		कप्नेछस् [kʌpnet͡sʰʌs]	कप्नेछेस् [kʌpnet͡sʰes]	कप्नेछौ [kʌpnet͡sʰʌu̯]	कप्नेछ्यौ [kʌpnet͡sʰeu̯]	कप्नेछ [kʌpnet͡sʰʌ]	कप्नेछे [kʌpnet͡sʰe]	कप्नेछन् [kʌpnet͡sʰʌn]	कप्नेछिन् [kʌpnet͡sʰin]	कप्नुहुनेछ [kʌpnuɦunet͡sʰʌ]
		–	कप्नेछैनँ [kʌpnet͡sʰʌi̯nʌ̃]		कप्नेछैनौं [kʌpnet͡sʰʌi̯nʌ̃ũ̯]		कप्नेछैनस् [kʌpnet͡sʰʌi̯nʌs]	कप्नेछैनेस् [kʌpnet͡sʰʌi̯nes]	कप्नेछैनौ [kʌpnet͡sʰʌi̯nʌu̯]		कप्नेछैन [kʌpnet͡sʰʌi̯nʌ]		कप्नेछैनन् [kʌpnet͡sʰʌi̯nʌn]		कप्नुहुनेछैन [kʌpnuɦunet͡sʰʌi̯nʌ]
	Indefinite	+	कपुँला [kʌpũlä]	कपुँली [kʌpũli]	कपौंला [kʌpʌ̃ũ̯lä]		कप्लास् [kʌpläs]	कप्लिस् [kʌplis]	कपौला, कप्लाउ [kʌpʌu̯lä, kʌpläu̯]	कपौली, कप्लेउ [kʌpʌu̯li, kʌpleu̯]	कप्ला [kʌplä]	कप्ली [kʌpli]	कप्लान्, कप्नन् [kʌplän, kʌpnʌn]	कप्लिन्, कप्निन् [kʌplin, kʌpnin]	कप्नुहोला [kʌpnuɦolä]
		–	कपोइनँ [kʌpoi̯nʌ̃]		कपोइनौं [kʌpoi̯nʌ̃ũ̯]		कपोइनस् [kʌpoi̯nʌs]		कपोइनौ [kʌpoi̯nʌu̯]		कपोइन [kʌpoi̯nʌ]		कपोइनन् [kʌpoi̯nʌn]		कप्नुहोओइन [kʌpnuɦooi̯nʌ]
			नकपुँला [nʌ ͜ kʌpũlä]	नकपुँली [nʌ ͜ kʌpũli]	नकपौंला [nʌ ͜ kʌpʌ̃ũ̯lä]		नकप्लास् [nʌ ͜ kʌpläs]	नकप्लिस् [nʌ ͜ kʌplis]	नकपौला, नकप्लाउ [nʌ ͜ kʌpʌu̯lä, nʌ ͜ kʌpläu̯]	नकपौली, नकप्लेउ [nʌ ͜ kʌpʌu̯li, nʌ ͜ kʌpleu̯]	नकप्ला [nʌ ͜ kʌplä]	नकप्ली [nʌ ͜ kʌpli]	नकप्लान्, नकप्नन् [nʌ ͜ kʌplän, nʌ ͜ kʌpnʌn]	नकप्लिन्, नकप्निन् [nʌ ͜ kʌplin, nʌ ͜ kʌpnin]	नकप्नुहोला [nʌ ͜ kʌpnuɦolä]
Injunctive		+	कपूँ [kʌpũ]		कपौं, कपूँ [kʌpʌ̃ũ̯, kʌpũ]		कप्, कपेस्, कपे [kʌp, kʌpes, kʌpe]		कप, कपे [kʌpʌ, kʌpe]		कपोस् [kʌpos]		कपून् [kʌpun]		कप्नुहोओस् [kʌpnuɦoos]
		–	नकपूँ [nʌ ͜ kʌpũ]		नकपौं, नकपूँ [nʌ ͜ kʌpʌ̃ũ̯, nʌ ͜ kʌpũ]		नकप्, नकपेस्, नकपे [nʌ ͜ kʌp, nʌ ͜ kʌpes, nʌ ͜ kʌpe]		नकप, नकपे [nʌ ͜ kʌpʌ, nʌ ͜ kʌpe]		नकपोस् [nʌ ͜ kʌpos]		नकपून् [nʌ ͜ kʌpun]		नकप्नुहोओस् [nʌ ͜ kʌpnuɦoos]
Imperative		+	—		—		कप् [kʌp]		कप [kʌpʌ]		—		—		कप्नुहोस्, कप्नोस् [kʌpnuɦos, kʌpnos]
		–	—		—		नकप् [nʌ ͜ kʌp]		नकप [nʌ ͜ kʌpʌ]		—		—		नकप्नुहोस्, नकप्नोस् [nʌkʌpnuɦos, nʌkʌpnos]

References

• Schmidt, Turner (2022) “कप्नु”, in Digital Dictionaries of South Asia [Combined Nepali Dictionaries]